賓語從句用法(譯林牛津版英語九年級)

教學內容：賓語從句

一、 賓語從句的連接詞:

1、 連詞that,只起連接作用,在從句中不作句子成分,也無詞彙意義,在口語中常被省略。

e.g. He knew (that) he should work hard.

2、 連詞if 、whether,它們起連接作用,在從句中不作句子成分,作"是否"解,在口語中多用if。

e.g. Tom don't know if/whether his grandpa liked the present.

He asked me whether or not I was coming.

一般情況下,if 和whether可以互換,但以下3種情況只能用whether:

①在不定式前:Whether to go there or not hasn't been decided.

②在介詞後:It depends on(依靠) whether it is going to rain.

③與or not連用:They are talking about whether to go there or not.

3、 連接代詞who, whom, whose, what, which,連接副詞when, where, why, how, 它們起連接作用,作句子成分,各有自己的意義。

e.g. The teacher asked the new students which class he was in.

I wonder where he got so much money.

【注意】1、由連接代、副詞引導的賓語從句可以和"疑問詞+不定式"結構轉化。

e.g. I don't know how I should do with the presents. ? I don't know how to do with the presents.

2、要注意區分判斷由if、when引導的從句類型.

二、 賓語從句的語序:

賓語從句的語序是陳述語序,即"連接詞+主語+謂語+其它成分"。特別強調:它的主語和謂語的語序是陳述語序,而不是疑問句的倒裝結構。

Can you tell me who(m) do we have to see?(╳)

Can you tell me who(m) we have to see?( √)

The teacher asked the students what they were doing.(思考: what在從句中的成分)

陳述句變爲賓語從句時,要注意人稱和時態的變化,語序不變。 eg. She said, "I will leave a message on the desk."‘She said she would leave a message on the desk.

一般疑問句和特殊疑問句變爲賓語從句時,也要注意人稱和時態的變化,後面接陳述語序。Eg. "Where are the tickets?" I asked him. ' I asked him where the tickets are.

三、 賓語從句的時態呼應:

賓語從句中謂語動詞的時態,常常受到主句謂語時態的制約,此爲時態呼應。如果主句謂語是一般現在時或將來時,從句謂語的時態不受限制;如果主句謂語的時態是一般過去時,從句一般要隨着改爲相應的過去時態(一般過去時、過去進行時、過去將來時、過去完成時)。

e.g. I thought (that) you are free today. (╳)

I thought (that) you would be free today. ( √)

【注意】當賓語從句敘述的是客觀真理時,不管主句謂語的時態如何,從句都用一般現在時。

e.g. The teacher told us (that) the earth moves around the sun.

中考連結

【2013常州】

9..---How soon will you start your journey?

----I’m not sure. I haven’t decided ______.

A when shall I ask the boss for leave

B where I will go to spend the holiday

C whether I would go by train or by plane

D who could invite me to go

【2014常州】

9. Hi, Jim. I hear that you’ve just come back from Sanya. I’m calling to ask .

A. how did you visit the city B. how many days you’ve spend there

C. which hotel you stayed in Sanya D. how you found the seafood there

【2011常州】

10．In the UK, a woman usually doesn’t like to be asked________.

A. whether she had been married B. what is her age

C. how much she weighs D. where she comes from

【2013揚州】.---Could you tell me_________?

---More than a year.

A. how soon will Yangzhou-Taizhou Airport be built

B. how long has Yangzhou-Taizhou Airport been in service

C. how soon Yangzhou-Taizhou Airport will be built

D. how long Yangzhou-Taizhou Airport has been in service

【2014揚州】

11. - Could you tell me ________?

- In August, 2014.

A. where will the Youth Olympic Games take place

B. when will the Youth Olympic Games take place

C. where the Youth Olympic Games will take place

D. when the Youth Olympic Games will take place

四、 賓語從句和狀語從句的區分:

e.g. 1) I will go out tomorrow if it is fine.

2) I don't know if the train has arrived.

句1中if引導的是狀語從句。這個從句表示"條件",修飾主句。整個句子的意思是如果明天天氣好,我就出去。句2中if引導的是賓語從句,充當謂語動詞don't know的賓語。整個句子的意思是我不知道火車是否到達。

判斷方法:

1、 可以從整個句式看。狀語從句一般可以放在主句的前面或後面(個別除外),賓語從句只能放在主句謂語動詞之後。

2、 從引導詞看。if充當賓語從句的連接詞時,相當於whether, 詞義爲"是否",充當狀語從句的連接詞時,詞義爲"如果"。when充當賓語從句的連接詞時,意爲"什麼時候",充當狀語從句的連接詞時,意爲"當……的時候"。

3、 從時態看。if和when作連接詞時,引導賓語從句要注意:從句的謂語動詞的時態應根據主句的時態作相應的變化。if和when充當從屬連詞時,引導條件和時間狀語從句,若主句的謂語動詞用一般將來時,則從句的時態應用一般現在時表示將來。

課堂練習

( )1. When H7N9 bird flu first appeared, people didn't know_______ doctors could cure it.

A. if B. that C. what D. why

( )2. - I wonder_______.

- Shandong Province.

A. when will Peng Liyuan come B. where Peng Liyuan is from

C. where Peng Liyuan came from D. how Peng Liyuan will come

( )3. I don't understand_______ that everything's fine when it's not.

A. how can he say B. can he say how C. he can say how D. how he can say

( )4. - Do you know_______ this afternoon?

- I'm not sure, but I'll tell you as soon as she_______.

A. how will Betty arrive; starts B. how Betty will arrive; will start

C. what time will Betty arrive; will start. D. what time Betty will arrive; starts

( )5. Please tell me_______ to improve my English.

A. what I can do B. what can I do. C. how I can do D. how can I do

( )6. - Could you tell me_______?

- By searching the Internet.

A. how did Mona get the information B. why Mona got the information

C. how Mona got the information D. why did Mona get the information

( )7. - Philip has gone to New Zealand.

- Oh, can you tell me_______?

A. when did he leave B. when he is leaving C. when he left D. when is he leaving

( )8.- Bob, please tell me_______.

- In South Hill School.

A. where will the match be held B. where the match will be held

C. when will the match be held D. when the match will be held

( )9. - Would you please tell me_______?

- Yes, There's a bank over there.

A. when can I exchange money B. where can I exchange money

C. when I can exchange money D. where I can exchange money

( )10. I don't remember_______ the book yesterday.

A. where I put B. where did I put C. where will I put D. where I will put

( )11. - Would you please tell me_______?

- Bus No. 22 will take you there.

A. who will we go with to Meilanfang Theatre B. what can we see in Qinghu Wetland Park

C. when we will leave for the Wetland Park D. how we can get to the Old Street

( )12. I wonder_______.

A. what can I do on vacation B. where I can go on vacation C. who can I go on vacation with

( )13. - Could you please tell me_______?

- Yes. There is one on Centre Street.

A. where can I buy some stamps B when you will take your vacation

C. when was the telephone invented D. if there are any good restaurants around here

( )14. - I wonder when_______ be held.

- If it _______, we'll have it next Monday.

A. the sports meeting will; doesn't rain B. will the sports meeting; doesn't rain

C. the sports meeting will; will not rain

( )15. - Hey! Mike, guess_______ for my coming vacation

- To Hainan Island? You always like somewhere interesting.

A. what I will take B. where I'm going C. when I will leave D. who I'm going with

( )16. - Could you tell me_______?

- At the end of July.

A. how often he heard from his pen pal B. how soon he will be here

C. that he went on vacation D. when you will start your vacation

( )17. - Could you tell me_______ yesterday?

- Because my bike was broken on my way here.

A. why you came late B why do you come late

C. why you come late. D. why did you come late

( )18. Do you know_______ I saw yesterday? It was my favourite star, Jackie!

A whom B when C. where D. how

( )19. - I don't know_______.

- Because he has to look after his mother.

A. why he is leaving B. why is he leaving

C. whether he is leaving D. whether is he leaving

( )20. - Could you tell me_______? I'm going to pick you up at the airport.

- At 15:45 this Friday.

A. where you met me B. who you are coming with

C. when you came here D. what time you are arriving

中考連結

一、單項選擇(共10小題；每小題1分，滿分10分)

從A、B、C、D四個選項中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。

1．- _______ expensive mobile phone it is?

-Yes, but I think _______ style is quite fashionable.

A. What a；a ；the an; the an; the

2．-Congratulations! Among the best pictures in the competition，I found _______. Why did you draw it?

一During the trip to the Yellow Mountain _______ May.

s; in s; on ; in ; on

3．We have ________ some organizations to help the poor students in the western areas of China.

n up up ed up up

4．The book was written in _______ easy English _______ even primary school students could understand it.

; that ; that ; to D. very; that

5．一Middle school students don’t know much about shopping online, _______ they?

一 _______. It’s very popu]ar with teenagers.

；No ; Yes ’t; NO D ’t; Yes

6．The cakes in the restaurant _______，so they _______ well.

tasted better; are sold t asted well; sell

e terrible; are sold e nice; sell

7．一Shall we meet at the station at 8 am?

-In fact, we _______. The train _______ until l0 a.m.

n’t; doesn’t leave n’t; leaves

n’t; won’t leave n’t; will leave

8．一I am out of breath. I can’t go any further.

一_______! I am sure you can make it.

problem a pity bad on

9．一Would you like some fried rice?

-I would rather eat noodles ________have beef in them.

10．In the UK, a woman usually doesn’t like to be asked________.

her she had been married is her age

muc h she weighs e she comes from

二、完形填空(共10小題；每小題1分，滿分10分)

閱讀下面短文，掌握其大意，然後從每小題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。

Mental health is about the way you think and feel and your ability to deal with ups and downs. Even though you are mentally healthy, it doesn’t __11__ that you don’t have a menta1 health problem.

Mental health is everyone’s business. We all have times when we feel down or __12___. Most of the time those feelings pass，__13___ sometimes they develop into a more serious problem. It seems that our mental health doesn’t always stay the same. It can change as the environment changes and as you move __14___ different stages(階段)of your life.

Here are four practical __15___ to look after your mental health. Making simple changes to how you live doesn’t cost much or take up lots of time. Anyone can __16___ them.

●Talk about your feelings. It can help you stay in good mental health. It isn’t a sign of __17___, but part of your ability to do what you can to stay healthy.

●Eat well. What you eat and how you feel are __18___ connected. A proper diet can have a good effect on your mental health.

●Keep in touch. Friends and family members can offer __19___suggestions which may help you keep active and solve practical problems.

●Take a break. It could be a weekend __20___ new places to enjoy the nature, or even a ten-minute break from doing your homework. A few minutes can be enough to relax you.

11．e t ce

12．ted sfied rised D stressed

13．

14． de ugh nst

15．er ies ces

16．ow se t

17．ness ness iness ness

18．ly ely lly ly

19．icult ible nge ous

20．ecting oring iding ining

五、詞彙(共10小題；每小題1分，滿分10分)

A)根據句子意思，用括號中所給詞的正確形式填空，每空填一詞。

39．Three __________(four)of the students in our class have handed in their reports.

40．You needn’t be frightened because these insects are completely ____________(harm).

41．If you add some lemonade and sugar，the dish will be much ___________(taste).

42．How ____________(active)they are donating money to help the sick student!

43．Some of the film stars had been ____________(sing)before they entered the film industry.

B)根據句意及漢語提示，寫出各單詞的正確形式，每空填一詞。

44．The charity event is ___________(結束). We all think it is a great success.

45．I dislike this channel because ___________(少數)programmes on it are interesting.

46．Ice turns into water when the temperature is ___________(超過)0℃．

47．一Which of these shirts do you like best?

一I’ll take ____________(沒有). They are both expensive and out of fashion.

48．The book he is fond of ____________(描述)how birds live.

六、用括號內所給動詞的正確形式填空(共5小題；每小題1分。滿分5分)

49．一I phoned you yesterday morning, but you were not in.

一We __________ (fish)by the river.

50．___________ (make)sure that there are no mistakes，he will check the paper carefully.

51．Is the washing machine I have used for a long time worth __________(fix)?

52．There ___________(not be) much snow here in the past three years.

53．I don’t know if we ___________(show) around the History Museum tomorrow afternoon.