英語一輪複習講稿Units 1&2, Book I

廣德二中2006屆高考總複習

I. 詞彙

A. 單詞：honest; loyal; wise; smart; argue; fond; match; fry; saw; rope; movie; cast; survive; deserted; hunt; share; lie; adventure; error; closet; pronounce; broad; repeat; majority; total; equal; situation; trade; international; organization; government; tourism; communicate; exchange; service; signal; tidy; stand; independent; publish; expression; compare.

B. 短語：hunt for; in order to; care about; drop sb. a line; argue about sth.; even though; as … as possible; in total; make oneself at home; except for; stay up; end up with; a great many; the number of; more and more.

II. 重點精講

A. 重點單詞

1. match: match可用作動詞和名詞。作動詞時，主要義項有：與……一致；和……相似；和……相配（稱）；比得過。主要搭配形式爲：match + n. + to/with +n 把……和……搭配起來/調和起來；match + n. + in/for + n. 與……匹敵，是……的對手，勢均力敵。

Eg. Please match each picture with the correct sentence.

No one can match her in knowledge of classical music.

作名詞時，主要義項有：火柴；比賽；相配

相關歸納：（1）be no match for敵不過

Eg. I was no match for him at tennis.打網球我根本不是他的對手。

(2)match up to與……相當；符合……標準

Eg. The trip failed to match up to her expectations.這次旅行令她很失望。

2. share: share可用作動詞和名詞。用作名詞時，主要義項爲：一份；股份。 用作動詞時，主要搭配和義項有：（1）share sth. (out)(among/between sb.)分給；分配；分派 （2）share sth. (with sb.)和別人分享；和別人合用；分給別人（3）share in sth. 分攤；共同承擔

Eg. He shared his money out among his six children.

I’ll share the cost with you.

3. lie: 作動詞時，主要義項爲：躺着；位於；處於，保留，保持（某種狀態）；說謊

注意：lie作“說謊”講時，是規則動詞，過去式和過去分詞爲lied, lied；作其他意思講時，是不規則動詞，過去式和過去分詞爲：lay, lain

相關歸納：（1）lie down躺下（休息或養病）（2）lie with（責任等）在於 （3）give the lie to sth. 證實……是虛假的；證明不實；揭穿謊言

Eg. I’ll go and lie down for a bit. I’m a little dizzy.

The fault lies with me.

These new figures give the lie to the belief that unemployment is going down.這些新資料表明失業率在下降的看法是不真實的。

4. compare: 主要義項有：比較；相比

相關歸納：（1）compare A with B把A與B相比較（指同類事物的具體比較）。（2）compare A to B把A比着B（3）compare to/with與……比起來（常用作狀語，可位於句首或句末）（4）compare with/to sb./sth.與……類似（或相似）

Eg. Compare John’s answer with Henry’s, which is better?

Shakespeare compared the world to a stage.

Compared to/with many people, she was indeed lucky.

This house doesn’t compare with our previous one.

B. 重點短語

1. as … as possible儘可能地……

注：as … as possible是as … as it is/was possible的省略，其中的possible用作表語，不可用副詞possibly替代。

Eg. I’ll go to see you as often as possible.

2. forget to do sth. 忘記去做……，指忘了要做的事。

forget doing sth. 忘了做過……，指忘了已做的事或已發生的事。

Eg. Take care, don’t forget to write.

I forgot writing to him, so I wrote again.

具有相似用法的動詞（短語）還有：remember, regret等。

3. more or less是一個固定結構，or不可換成and。more or less可以修飾數詞，意爲“大約”；還可修飾動詞、分詞、形容詞，意爲“或多或少，差不多，幾乎”。通常放在系動詞、助動詞或情態動詞之後，或放在動詞之前，也可置於句末。

4. more than超過；很；非常；不僅

“more than +數詞+名詞”等於“over+數詞+名詞”，意爲“超過”。more than用於修飾形容詞、名詞或動詞時，要看作習語，意思是“不僅、很、非常”。

相關歸納：（1）no more than不超過 （2）more A than B與其說B不如說A。

Eg. His whole school education added up to no more than one year.

She is more hardworking than wise.

5. more and more越來越……

相關歸納：“the+比較級…，the+比較級…”相當於漢語的“越……，（就）越……”。該結構表示兩個變化按比例同時遞增/減。前一個“the+比較級…”爲從屬分詞，後一個“the+比較級…”爲主句。主句爲一般將來時態時，從句（前一個“the+比較級…”結構）要用一般現在時。①

Eg. The more you read, the more you’ll get.

6. bring in吸引，引入；請……做，讓……參加；提出（新法案）；賺得，掙

相關歸納：(1) bring about導致；引起 (2)bring back把……送回；歸還；使回憶起；恢復；重新使用 (3)bring down打垮；擊敗；降低；減少；（飛機）着陸；擊落

C. 必背句型

1. so或neither(nor)引導的（倒裝）句型：

（1）“so+系動詞（情態動詞或助動詞）+（與前句不同的）主語”表示前句中的肯定情況也適用於另一人或物。So代替上文中的動作或概念，表示“也是這樣，也是如此”。

注意：兩句中應使用同類助動詞且應時態一致。

（2）“neither/nor+系動詞（情態動詞或助動詞）+（與前句相同的）主語”表示連續的否定。

（3）“neither/nor+系動詞（情態動詞或助動詞）+（與前句不同的）主語”表示句中的否定情況也適用於另一人或物；由於neither/nor是否定詞，所以不能再使用not.

（4）前句表述的人或物情況複雜，無法使用so或neither(nor)引導的倒裝句型表達另一人或物情況相同，則用It is/was with sb./sth.

Eg. -Tom likes playing basketball but he can’t play well.

-So it is with me.

（5）“so+（與前句相同的）主語+助動詞”表示贊同，so譯爲“確實”，主謂不倒裝。

Eg. -She can speak French. -So she can.

2. so…that如此……以至於……

（1）so + adj/adv + that…表示“如此……以至於”，that可省略；當so和它所修飾的形容詞或副詞放在句首時，主句倒裝。

Eg. So interesting is the book that I want to read it again.

（2）在so…that句型中也可使用名詞，結構如下：

a. so +few/many+可數名詞複數+that

b. so + little/much+不可數名詞+that

c. so + adj + a(n)+名詞+that= such +a(n) + adj +名詞+that

ld have done sth.過去應該幹麼事

（1）should have done表示“過去應該做某事，而實際上沒做”，含有責備的意味。

（2）shouldn’t have done表示“過去不應該做某事，而實際上做了”，也含有責備的意味。

Eg. You should have come here yesterday.

He shouldn’t have gone without telling us.

4.強調句型及其各種結構

（1）基本結構：It is/was +被強調部分+that/who+其餘部分

（2）被強調句子是一般疑問句時，其結構爲：Is/Was it+被強調部分+that/who+其他部分（用陳述語序）？

Eg. Is it tomorrow that you will go to see him?

（3）被強調句子是特殊疑問句時，其結構爲：疑問詞+is/was+ it +that+其他部分(陳述語序)？

Eg. Where was it that you held the meeting?

（4）強調名詞性從句引導詞時，其結構爲：引導詞+it is/was +that+從句其他部分。

Eg. He asked where it was that you held the meeting.

（5）對not…until結構中until部分進行強調時，not需要放在被強調部分，句式爲：It is/was not until…that+主句部分（用肯定形式）。

Eg. It was not until midnight that he went back home after the experiment.

III. 疑難突破

1. match, suit, fit

match多指大小、色調、形狀、性質等方面的搭配。

suit多指合乎需要、口味、性質、條件、地位等。

fit多指尺寸、形狀合適，引申爲吻合，協調。

Exercise:

(1) His clothes don’t ______ his age.

(2) Does the time _______ you?

(3) The new coat ______ her well. It is neither too big nor too small.

(4) Which day ______ you, Saturday or Sunday?

2. alone, lonely

（1）詞性：alone可以作形容詞和副詞；lonely只能作形容詞。

（2）用法：作形容詞時，alone只能作表語，有時作賓補，不能作定語；lonely可以作表語和定語。alone不能用very修飾，而要說much alone，或very much alone。

（3）詞義：作表語時，alone的意思是“獨自一人”，指的是客觀情況；lonely的意思是“寂寞”，指的是主觀感覺。

（4）固定結構：leave/let sb./sth. alone聽任；別打擾；let alone更不用說。

Exercise:

(1) He feels ______ though he has two brothers.

(2) The old man lives in a ______ house in the forest ______.

(3) When he woke up, he found himself ______ in the room.

(4) Though he is ______ at home, he doesn’t feel ______, for he has many things to do.

(5) The baby can’t walk, let ______ run.

(6) Leave the machine ______. it’s dangerous.

3. although, though

（1）一般情況下，兩者可換用（although多用於句首）。

（2）所引導的讓步狀語從句放在主句前，從句中用部分倒裝時，用though(=as).

（3）只能說as though(=as if)；even though(=even if)。

（4）though可用作副詞，放在句末或句中，表示“然而、不過”，although不可。

Exercise:

(1) ______ they tried hard, they didn’t finish the work on time.

(2) They didn’t stop to have a rest ______ they were tired.

(3) He speaks English as ______ he were an Englishman.

(4) Even ______ he didn’t tell me anything about it, I know the whole thing.

(5) Child ______ he is, he knows a lot about computers.

(6) He said he would help me with my English; he didn’t, ______.

4. besides, except, except for, except that

besides意爲“除……之外，尚有……或外加……”

except將一個或幾個人或物從同一類或普通的種類中除外，意爲“除……之外”，指“不包括……”。其後可接名詞、代詞、副詞、介詞短語、動詞不定式或wh-從句。

except for說明整個基本情況後，對細節加以糾正，後接名詞。

except that的用法基本同except for，但其後必須句子。它用來表示理由或細節，修下前面所說的情況。

Exercise:

(1) We all succeeded ______ Tom, so he is also glad.

(2) We all succeeded ______ Tom, so he is very sad.

(3) He is a good man, ______ hot temper.

(4) Your article is quite good ______ there are several spelling mistakes.

(5) Your article is quite good ______ several spelling mistakes.

5. a number of, the number of

a number of只能用作定語，修飾可數名詞複數，意爲“許多；若干”(=many)。number前可用large, small等修飾詞。當它修飾主語時，謂語動詞與它修飾的主語一致。

the number of的意思是“……的數量；號碼”。當它與後面的名詞連用時，中心詞是the number。如果用作主語，即使後面的名詞是複數，謂語也要用單數。

Exercise:

(1) ______ trees planted in our village is never under 200 every year.

(2) We have lived there for ______ years.

(3) ______ jobless people grows in the country at present.

(4) ______ students are playing football on the playground.

(5) ______ students in our class is over 70.