語法講解 賓語補足語 學案設計(譯林牛津版英語高二)

江蘇省黃橋中學高一英語備課組

1. Firs let’s translate some phrases:

1)推選他做班長/隊長/ 主席/ 總統/ 國王_________________2）把每天鍛鍊作爲一個規定__________

3）稱這個地方爲金三角__________________________4）稱它爲古英語/不明飛行物______________

5）覺得做某事是快樂的事________________________6）認爲幫助別人是我的職責________________

7）認爲撒謊是一種恥辱__________________________ 8）把門漆成更鮮豔的顏色______________

Summary: 名詞作賓語補足語， 即： 主+謂+賓+賓補（名詞），賓語和賓語補足語之間有一種邏輯上的主系表結構關係。能接這種賓語補足語的動詞常見的有：

call / name / consider / believe / think / find / feel / imagine/ elect / make / choose etc.

Attention:

1) 當名詞表示某人的職務、頭銜時，作賓語補足語的名詞前面通常不用冠詞，如：

appoint him minister to a foreign country

2) 作賓語補足語的名詞通常與賓語在數上保持一致。如：

make Joe his assistant / make Joe and Sue his assistants

3) 可用it作形式賓語

find / feel / think it +n find it my duty / fun / a pleasure to do sth.

2. Second , introduce other patterns.

S+ V+ O+ Object complement.(adj/ adv.)，其中的形容詞可分爲兩類。一類形容詞表示賓語所處的狀態，如find sb open/ find sth rough; 還有一類形容詞表示賓語的特徵或心理狀態，如：find sb disappointing, find sb interested in sth, find sb deeply moved

1） 證明他是錯的 _____________________ 使我們保持暖和 _____________________

2） 把衣服弄髒 _____________________ 讓門開着 ____________________

3） 認爲最好你和我們在一起_________________使某人不安 _________________

4） 發現盒子是空的________________________覺得有必要說出真相____________________________

5） 使人發瘋 ____________________________祝願人人無災無難_______________________________

6） 發現她不在家__________________________把某人留下_________________________________

7） 發現新工作乏味________________________覺得這本書值得一讀____________________________

8） 把門漆成黃色_________________________發現他是一個令人失望的人_______________________

9） 覺得他對我的工作滿意________________________

Attention :

1).常接形容詞作賓語補足語的動詞有：

find/ feel / think / make / get / keep / consider / drive / prove / wish / paint etc.

有時副詞也可作賓語補足語。如：

find him away from home / find him out / find him in / find him abroad

2).可用it 形式賓語

feel it necessary to make everything clear

3.非謂語動詞作賓補 S + V + O + Object complement ( to do / doing / done )

A.不定式作賓補

常接帶to 的不定式作賓語補足語的動詞有：

ask/ advise / allow / permit/ forbid/ force / expect / want / wish / cause / warn / tell / order / would like / remind /like sb (not )to do

1) 請他們來幫你_________________________想要我早點兒到__________________________

2) 盼望我們贏 _________________________ 吩咐僕人們開啟窗子______________________

3) 喜歡他人太太穿着漂亮_________________告訴他不要遲到__________________________

注意不帶to的不定式作賓語補足語，常見的動詞有：

hear/ listen to / let / make / have / see / notice / watch / look at / catch sight of / observe ect.

1） 讓他寫文章 _____________________注意到他進來並上了樓梯________________________

2） 聽見他播放CD ___________________覺得房子晃動過 ______________________________

Attention :

1) 動詞原形作賓補，改爲被動時，要加to，let 和have不用被動。be made to do / be listened to to do

2）注意一些固定句式中的不定式作主語補足語的時態形式。

He is said to study abroad soon.

He is said to have studied abroad, but I can’t remember which country he studied in .

He is said to be studying abroad, but I don’t know which country he is studying in .

Charles Babbage is generally considered ______ the first computer .

A have invented B nting C invent D ng invented

B．現在分詞作賓補（強調動作正在進行或現在的狀態）

1）看見飛船在窗外飛 _____________________ 2）讓我等了很久_________________________

3）發現他在桌旁工作__________________________4）聞到某物燒焦了_______________________

5）留下我在外面等着_________________________ 6）看見銀行在被搶_______________________

Summary :

1) 這類動詞常見的有：keep / find / leave / hear / see / smell / watch / get / send etc.

2) 有些感官動詞(see, hear, feel , watch )用動原作賓補表動作的全過程，用現分表示動作正在進行。

注意：有些動詞的賓補形式不同，意義不同。如：

get sb to do sth. 讓某人去做 get sb laughing/ talking / get the clock going 讓某人------起來

(sb)send sb to do sth 派某人去做 (sth ) send sb doing 使某人------

The question sent me thinking deeply. The telephone sent him hurrying home.

C.過去分詞作賓補

過去分詞作賓補表示賓語與賓語補足語之間存在着被動關係，能接過去分詞作賓補的動詞常見的有：get/ have / make / hear / see / watch / notice etc.其中感官動詞表示賓語被動接受某動作，如：get her three sons killed ,notice him knocked down by a car---而使役動詞表示使或讓某人做某事。如：get the car repaired / have the luggage weighed ---.注意不及物動詞的過去分詞作賓補時，只表示動作已完成，不表示被動的意思。如：She found her wallet gone.

1.) He saw many trees _______(cut )down . They got their village __________(surround)with trees.

2.) He left the door _________(unlock)when he was away.

3.) They foreigner had to make himself ________________(understand) by gestures.

4.) He often kept the door _______________(close) when she left the room.

5.) Nobody noticed her wallet ______(cut) open. Don’t let the source of water _______(polluted).

6.) Just now they saw the old houses __________(pull) down.

1) 請人理髮_________________________ 聽人說意大利語 _______________________

2) 讓眼睛閉着____________________________留下作品未完成 _______________________

3) 讓我們得到水的供應 __________________看到計劃被執行_________________________

4) 發現他坐在後面/ 他失蹤了_______________使自己被明白 __________________________

5) 儘快把信寄出去_________________________讓這個案件得到調查______________________

4.介詞作賓補，如：

find sb in the hospital/ put one’s books in good order

find the trees in place / place her in a difficult situation / allow her into the room

bring sth under control

5.有時as引導的短語也作賓補

regard him as our best friend / recognize him as the best leader

6.注意介詞with 的複合結構（即介詞with+賓語+賓語補足語）

with the boy leading the way / with the water covering the surface of the earth

with the surface covered with water / with his son disappointing

with everything he needed bought / with two exams to worry about

with many problems to settle / with time going by

with the production up by 10%

1. The salesman scolded the girl caught ___________(steal) and let her off.

A have stolen B be stealing C steal D ling

2. Mrs Brown was much disappointed to see the washing machine she had had _______ went wrong again.

A B repaired C ired D be repaired

chairman thought _____ necessary to invite Professor Smith to speak at the meeting.

A B C D

more forests _____________, huge quantities of good soil are being washed away.

A being destroyed B destroying C being destroyed D g destroyed

should understand the traffic by now. I have had it _______________ often enough.

A aining B explain C ain D ained

flu is believed__________ by viruses that like to reproduce in the cells inside the human nose and throat. A ing B g caused C be caused D have caused

students expected ______ to be more reviewing classes before the final exams.

A e B C D

8. When he returned years later, he found his hometown _____________completely.

A change B ge C ging D ge

r wanted his TV ____ , but his wife would rather have it ____________.

A d, thrown B be fixed, be thrown C d, throwing D ng, throwing

______leaves ______ in the earth every year, the soil becomes richer and richer.

A ing, burying B en, buried C en, burying D falling, buried