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從句總結知識點

從句是英語知識中的重點和難點,那一起來看看從句的知識點吧,下面是小編爲大家收集整理的從句總結知識點,歡迎閱讀。

從句總結知識點

從句總結知識點:定語從句

一、關係代詞引導的定語從句

1、由who, whom, that,Whose引導的從句

這些詞代替的先行詞是人的名詞或代詞,who作主語指人,whom作賓語指人,that既可作主語又可作賓語(作賓語可以省略),可以指人也可以指物。Whose 用來指人或物,只用作定語。

(1) Is he the man who/that wants to see you? 他是那個想見你的男人嗎?(who/that在從句中作主語)

(2) He is the man whom/ that I saw yesterday. 他就是我昨天見的那個人。(whom/that在從句中作賓語)

(3) The man whom you spoke to just now is our English teacher 你剛剛說話的那個男人是我們的英語老師

(4) he man whose son is a doctor is our professor. 那個兒子是醫生的男人是我們的教授。

2、由which, that引導的從句

它們所代替的先行詞是事物的名詞或代詞,在從句中可作主語、賓語等,作賓語時可以省略,例如:

(1) Prosperity which / that had never been seen before appears in the countryside. 農村出現了前所未有的繁榮。(which / that在從句中作主語)

(2) The package (which / that) you are carrying is about to come unwrapped. 你拿那個包裹快要散開了。(which / that在從句中作賓語)

注意: 代表物時多用which,但在下列情況中用that而不用which:

a)先行詞是anything, everything, nothing , none等不定代詞時;

b)先行詞由every, any, all, some, no, little, few, much等修飾時,這時的that常被省略;

c)先行詞前有序數詞或被形容詞最進階修飾時;

d)先行詞中既有人又有物時;

e)整個句中前面已有which,who,that時;

f)當先行詞爲物並作表語時;

g)先行詞爲one時;

h)先行詞同時又被the only,the very,the same修飾時;

二、關係副詞引導的`定語從句

1、when指時間在定語從句中做時間狀語也可做連接詞用

I still remember the day when I first came to the school.

2、where指地點在定語從句中做地點狀語    Shanghai is the city where I was born.

3、why指原因在定語從句中做原因狀語 ,用在reason 後面。 Please tell me the reason why you missed the plane.

常見考法

對於定語從句的考查,多以單選的形式考查學生靈活運用的能力。一般情況下,常從關係詞的意義和功能的角度考查,重點是that,which,who引導的定語從句。

典型例題:

You're the only person ______I've ever met ______could do it.

A. who B. whom C. whom D. who

解析:先行詞person後有兩個定語從句,第一個從句省略了關係代詞whom.因爲, whom作從句中met的賓語,可以省略.第二個從句who could do 在從句中作主語,不可省略.

答案:D

從句總結知識點:賓語從句

一、.引導詞

1.從句爲陳述句,常選擇引導詞that,that引導賓語從句無意義,不充當句子成分常省略。例句:He told us (that) they would help us through the whole work.

2.從句爲一般疑問句,常選擇引導詞if或whether,表示“是否”。在 whether … or not 結構中不能用 if 替換。例句:I don’t know if there will be a bus any more.

3. 從句爲特殊疑問句,常選擇what,when,where,which,who,how等的疑問代詞、副詞作引導詞。 例句:He didn’t tell me when we should meet again.

二、判斷時態情況:

1.主句是一般現在時,從句可以爲各種時態。

2.主句是一般過去時,從句要用相應過去時態。

注意:從句描繪客觀事實、真理、自然現象等,從句時態不受主句時態限制,仍用一般現在時。

例句:He answered that he was listening to me.

Father told me that practice makes perfect .

三、賓語從句的語序要用陳述句語序

陳述句語序,就是主語在前,謂語動詞在後。

錯誤: He is wondering when can he finish this difficult job.

正確: He is wondering when he can finish this difficult job.

注意:賓語從句的否定轉移

主句的謂語動詞是think,believe,imagine,suppose,consider,expect,fancy,guess等,並且主句的主語是第一人稱而且爲一般現在時,從句的否定詞一般要轉移到主句上來,其反義疑問句一般與賓語從句一致.  例如; I don’t think he will come to my party.而不能說成I think he won’t come to my party.

常見考法

對於賓語從句的考查,多以單選的形式考查學生靈活運用的能力。一般情況下,常從引導詞的選擇、時態的一致性及從句的陳述語序方面考查。

典型例題:Please tell me ______ last year.

e does your sister work B where did your sister work

C e your sister works D where your sister worked

解析:本題考查對賓語從句的掌握。賓語從句要用陳述語序,所以排除A和 B;last year 表示過去時 ,所以排除 C 。

答案:D

從句總結知識點:狀語從句

1時間狀語從句

由when, as, while, after, before, since, until, as soon as 等從屬連詞引導的狀語從句。時間狀語從句中的謂語動詞不能用一般將來時,只能用一般現在時表示將來發生的動作或存在的狀態。 如:I will call you as soon as I arrive there.

2原因狀語從句

because, since, as和for都表示原因。常常令我們不知該用哪個好。我們來比較一下。because語勢最強,回答why提出的問題,用來說明人所不知的原因。當能夠很明顯的看出原因或人們已知原因,就用as或since。如:I don't like that coat,because the color looks terrible. 由because引導的從句如果放在句末,且前面有逗號,則可以用for來代替。但如果不是說明直接原因,而是多種情況加以推斷,就只能用for。如:He is not here, because / for his mother is ill.

3目的狀語從句

表示目的狀語的從句可以由in order that, so that,等詞引導。如:You must raise your voice so that/in order that everybody can hear you clearly.

4結果狀語從句

結果狀語從句常由 或 引導,要掌握和區分這兩個句型,首先要了解so和such後面分別跟什麼詞。such是形容詞,修飾名詞或名詞詞組,so是副詞,只能修飾形容詞或副詞。so 還可與表示數量的形容詞many, few, much, little連用,形成固定搭配。如:The box is so heavy that I can't carry it.

5讓步狀語從句

是由though, although 引導的狀語從句。though, although 和 but不能同時使用。

Although it rained, they had a good time.

標籤:知識點 從句