Unit 13 We’re trying to save the earth! 教學案例(人教版英語九年級)

一、教學目標：

1. 語言知識目標

基本詞彙：litter, advantage, bottom, fisherman, coal, ugly, cost, wooden, plastic, takeaway, bin, shark, fin, method, cruel. Harmful, chain, ecosystem, industry, law, scientific, afford, reusable, transportation, recycle, napkin, upside, gate, bottle, president, inspiration, iron, work, metal, creativity,

基本詞組：be harmful to, at the top(of sth.), take part in, turn off, take action, throw away, put sth. to good use, pull… down, bring back

基本句型：We’re trying to save the earth!

The river used to be so clean.

The air is badly polluted.

No scientific studies have showed that shark fins are good for health.

We should help save the sharks.

2. 技能目標: 能正確運用現在進行時，現在完成時，被動語態，情態動詞和used to 句型。

3. 情感目標: 有環境危機意識，學會關注環境保護環境。

二、教學重難點：

1. 教學重點：（1）能正確運用現在進行時，現在完成時，被動語態，情態動詞和used to 句型。

（2）保護環境的措施方法。

2. 教學難點：能正確運用現在進行時，現在完成時，被動語態，情態動詞和used to 句型。三、教學步驟:

Section A 1 (1a-2d)

I. Presentation

Show the picture of the earth and tell students the earth is polluted now.

For example: (1) The factories that burn coal pollute the air with a lot of black smoke.

(2) Factories put waste into the river.

(3) People should throw away litter in the bin.

(4)There are more cars on the road.

II. Learning

Here are some words related to different kinds of pollution. Write them in the box below. Then add more words.

loud music cars rubbish planes littering ships factories smoking building houses mobile phones

noise pollution air pollution water pollution

____________ ___________ _____________

____________ ___________ _____________

____________ ___________ _____________

____________ ___________ _____________

Keys : noise pollution loud music planes mobile phones building houses

air pollution factories smoking cars building houses

water pollution ships rubbish littering factories

III. Listening

1. 1b Listen and complete the sentences.

What was the problem? The river was _____________. Even the bottom (底部) of the river was full of ________. There were no more ______ for fishermen (漁民) to catch.

What caused the problem? People are throwing _______ into the river. Factories are putting ______ into the river.

How should the problem be solved?

We should write to the ____________ and ask them to ___________ the factories. Everyone should help to __________ the river.

Keys: really dirty rubbish fish litter waste government

close down clean up

2. Listen again and check (√) the sentences you hear.

1) We could go fishing in the river.

2) The river was really dirty.

3) The river has always been the nicest river in this town.

4) We should ask the teachers for help.

Keys: 2 3

IV. Practice

1. Role-play the conversation in 1c.

Mark: The river was dirty. Even the bottom of the river was full of rubbish.

Tony: But it used to be so clean!

Mark: Yes, but people are throwing litter into the river.

Tony: Everyone in this town should play a part in cleaning it up!

2. Make conversations using the pollution in 1a.

A: The river has always been the nicest river in this town.

B: Yes, it used to be so clean.

A: But I was there last weekend and the river was really dirty.

B: What caused the problem?

A: People are throwing litter into the river.

B: What should we do?

A: Factories are also putting waste into the river.

B: Yes, everyone in this town should play a part.

A: We should write to the government and ask them to close down the factories.

B: What else can we do?

A: Everyone should help to clean up the river.

V. Language points

1. We’re trying to save the earth! 我們正在竭盡全力拯救地球!

try to do =try one’s best to do 努力去做某事。

e.g. Every student should try to study hard in order to study in a university.

爲了進入大學學習，每個學生都應該努力學習。

2. Here are some words related to different kinds of pollution.

be related to 與…有關

e.g. I am not related to him in any way. 我和他無任何關係。

3. Everyone in this town should play a part in cleaning it up!

play a part in 在……方面起作用

e.g. A good diet plays a large part in helping people live longer.

健康的飲食在幫助人們長壽方面起着非常大的作用。

play a part 在……中扮演角色

e.g. He was invited to play a part in this TV play.

他被邀請參加這個電視劇的演出。

4. Even the bottom of the river was full of rubbish.

Yes, but people are throwing litter into the river.

litter 和 rubbish 都可指“垃圾”，用作不可數名詞。

rubbish 指“沒用的東西(被扔或將要丟棄的無用的東西)”不可回收。

litter 指“(室內或公共場所)亂扔的廢物(紙屑、不要的包裝紙、廢瓶等)”還可回收

e.g. Throw the rubbish out. 把垃圾扔出去。

The room is full of rubbish. 房間裏堆滿了垃圾。

Pick up your litter after a picnic. 野餐後將廢棄物收拾好。

VI. Listening

1. 2a Listen to the interview. Circle the kinds of pollution that Jason and Susan talk about.

A. land pollution B. air pollution

C. noise pollution D. water pollution

Keys: B A

2. 2b Listen again and complete the sentences.

1) The air is badly polluted because there are ___________ on the road these days.

2) Factories that burn coal also ________ the air with a lot of black smoke.

3) There is also too much rubbish and waste. People _________________ things every day.

4) People are also littering in ______________ like parks. This is turning beautiful places into ugly (醜陋) ones.

Keys: more cars pollute are throwing away public places

3. Listen and answer the questions.

1) Who is the interviewer talking to?

2) What are they talking?

3) What other problems do they see?

Keys: Susan and Jason.

The environmental problems.

There’s too much rubbish and waste in the streets.

VII. Practice (2c)

Use the information in 2a and 2b to role-play conversations between Jason and Susan.

Jason: The air has become really polluted around here. I’m getting very worried.

Susan: Yes, I used to be able to see stars in the sky.

Jason: The problem is that…

VIII. Discussion

Ask students what we should do to save the earth. Help students answer, turn off the

lights when you leave a room; stop riding in cars; stop using paper towels or napkins; recycle books and paper.

IX. Reading

1. Read 2d and complete the chart.

Problems Solving problems

air pollution

waste pollution

wooden (木頭的) chopsticks or plastic forks

rubbish

2. Role-play the conversation.

Interviewer: Jason and Susan, what are your ideas for solving these problems?

Jason: Well, to cut down air pollution, we should take the bus or subway instead of driving.

Susan: Yeah, or ride a bike. There are other advantages (優點) of bike riding. It’s good for health and it doesn’t cost (花費) anything!

Interviewer: Great ideas! What about waste pollution?

Susan: Mmm, I think simple things like bringing a bag to go shopping can help. I started doing that a year ago.

Jason: Me, too. Also, I never take wooden chopsticks or plastic (塑料) forks when I buy takeaway (外賣食品) food. I use the ones at home.

Susan: And remember to throw rubbish in the bins and keep public places clean and beautiful for everyone.

Interviewer: So together, our actions can make a difference and lead to a better future!

X. Summary and language points

1. This is turning beautiful places into ugly ones.

turn… into… 把……變成……

e.g. The icy rain seemed like to turn into snow.

漸漸地凍雨又變成雪花的模樣。

2. It’s good for health and it doesn’t cost anything!

cost v. 花費；使付出

指花費金錢，主語通常是物。cost的過去式和過去分詞均爲cost。

e.g. The new shirt cost Mr Wang 200 yuan. 王先生花了200元買了新襯衫。

How much does the new computer cost? 新電腦花了多少錢？

take, spend, pay & cost

take，spend，pay和cost都可以表示“花費”，但它們的用法各有不同。

1) take多表示花費時間，常用於It takes sb. some time to do sth.這一句型中，其中it作形式主語。

e.g. It usually takes me 40 minutes to cook the dinner.

2) spend多表示花費時間和金錢，主語通常是人，常用於sb. spend(s) some time / money on sth.和sb. spend(s) some time / money (in) doing sth.兩種句型。

e.g. David spent 2,000 yuan on the new machine.

My father spends an hour (in) watching the news on TV every day.

3) pay多表示花費金錢，主語通常是人，常用於sb. pay(s) some money for sth.句型。

e.g. Tommy paid 20 yuan for his breakfast yesterday.

4) cost多表示花費金錢，主語通常是物，常用於sth. cost(s) (sb.) some money. 句型。

e.g. The new dress cost Linda 88 yuan.

根據句意用take, spend, pay或cost的適當形式填空。

1) That new car ________ them lots of money.

2) Mona __________ 50 yuan on the books just now.

3) It usually _______ me an hour to do my homework.

4) You should __________ some time practising your pronunciation.

5) My brother _______ 6, 000 yuan for the new computer yesterday.

Keys cost spent takes spend paid

3. So together, our actions can make a difference and lead to a better future!

make a difference (to…) 表示(對……)產生影響或作用

e.g. Do you think his words would make any difference to the final decision?

你認爲他的話會對最後的決定產生影響嗎？

The new teacher always encourages little Tom. This has made a big difference

to him.

新來的老師總是鼓勵小湯姆，這對他影響很大。

XI. Exercises

用動詞的適當形式填空。

1) We’re trying _______ (save) the earth.

2) There used to_____ (be) clean and beautiful.

3) There are too many ______ for ________to catch (fish).

4) It’s bad for environment to use _________ (wood) chopsticks.

Keys: to save be fish fishermen wooden

XII. Think about

The earth is badly polluted. Please make a poster and think of what we can do.

XIII. Homework

1. Copy the new words and remember them.

2. Read the listening materials of 1b, 2a.

Section A 2 (3a-3c)

I. Revision

(1)Role-play 2d.

(2)Translate these sentences into English.

①甚至是河底都滿是垃圾。

②這個小鎮上的每個人都應該參加打掃。

③騎自行車有其它的優點。

④我買外賣食品從來不拿木筷子和塑料叉子。

II. Lead in

(1) Teacher tells students the earth is badly polluted. What should we do to save the earth? Let’s take action. For example:

①Turn off the lights when you leave a room;

②Take buses instead of driving cars

③Recycle books and paper.

(2) There are some animals are endangered. We should do something to protect the animals and the environment!

III. Discussion

(1) Have you ever seen a shark?

(2) What do you know about sharks?

IV. Reading

(1)Sharks are endangered, read the passage and judge the sentences.

①Shark’s fin（魚鰭）soup is famous and expensive all around the world.

②We have to kill a whole shark to get a bowl of shark’s fin soup.

③People cut off sharks’ fins and throw the sharks back into the ocean.

④Sharks are in the bottom of the food chain in the ocean’s ecosystem.

⑤WildAid and the WWF are environmental protection groups in China.

⑥Shark’s fin s are good for health.

(2)Complete the fact sheet in 3a.

Where shark fin soup is popular

Number of sharks caught

and traded every year

How much the numbers of

some kinds of sharks have

fallen in the last 20 to 30

years

Two environmental groups

which are against “finning”

V. Practice (3b)

(1) Read the passage and dill in the blanks with the words in the box.

1. Many people do not realize they are killing a whole shark ______ they enjoy a bowl of shark fin soup.

2. Sharks are at the top of the food chain, ____ if their numbers drop, the ocean’s ecosystem will be in danger.

3. Many think that sharks are too strong to be endangered, _____ they are wrong.

4. _________ there are no scientific studies to support this, a lot of people believe that shark fins are good for health.

5. Sharks may disappear one day ___ we do not do something to stop the sale of shark fins.

(2) Retell the passage according to the words below.

shark’s fin soup, in southern China

each time cut off no longer not only…but also…

at the top drop be endangered the strongest around 70 million fallen by over 90 percent WildAid and the WWF develop laws scientific studies

VI. Language points

1. A shark can no longer swim and slowly dies. 鯊魚不能再游泳然後慢慢死掉。

no longer意思是“不再”

e.g. I’m no longer a student. 我不再是個學生了。

有兩個短語和no longer同義，即not…any longer和not…any more，但他們側重的方面不同。

no longer和not…any longer側重時間。

e.g. He no longer lives here.= He doesn’t live here any longer.

他不在這兒居住了。(一個時間以前他住在這兒，過了這個時間，他就離開

了。)

not…any more側重側重程度和數量

e.g. You can drink no more. = You can’t drink any more.

你不能再喝了。(喝酒的量到了一定程度，不能再繼續下去了。)

2. This method is not only cruel, but also harmful to the environment.

這種方法不但殘忍而且對環境有害。

not only…but also…

用於連接兩個表示並列關係的成分，着重強調後者，其意爲“不僅……而且……”; 其中的also有時可以省略。

e.g. 1) She not only plays well, but also writes music.

她不僅很會演奏，而且還會作曲。

2) Not only men but also women were chosen.

不僅僅是男的，女的也有被選中的。

若連接兩個成分作主語，其謂語通常與靠近的主語保持一致。

e.g. Not only you but also he has to leave. 不只是你，他也得離開。

not only放在句首，後接句子時要用倒裝結構。

e.g. Not only had the poor man been fined, but also he had been sent to prison.

這個可憐的人不僅被罰款，而且還被送進了監獄。

be harmful to 對… 有害

e.g. Smoking is harmful to the health. 吸菸有損健康。

Playing computer games much is harmful to students.

電腦遊戲玩太多對學生有害。

3. Sharks are at the top of the food chain in the ocean’s ecosystem.

鯊魚位於海洋生物系統食物鏈的頂部。

at the top of 在...最高地位; 用最高[最大]的(速度, 聲音等)

e.g. I looked at the top of his head, his hair shiny and parted smoothly.

我看他的頭頂, 頭髮光亮, 分得平滑。

He shouted at the top of his voice in order that he might be heard.

他盡力大聲叫喊, 以便別人能聽見。

4. If their numbers drop too low, it will bring danger to all ocean life.

如果它們的數目降至過低，會給所有海洋生物帶來危險。

此句複數形式的number表達全海洋中鯊魚的總量。當表示數值的高或低時，number要用high或low修飾。

e.g. In that country, the number of children going to school is higher in cities than in towns and village.

在那個國家，城市兒童入學人數比鄉鎮及農村要高。

常與number搭配的動詞有grow, fall等。

e.g. The number of families that own cars has been growing quickly recently.

近來擁有轎車的家庭數量增長很快。

5. Environment protection groups around the world, such as WildAid and the WWF, are teaching the public about “finning”.

世界各地的環境保護組織，如野生救援協會和世界自然基金會，都在教育公衆有關“獵翅”的行爲。

1) 句中fin本爲名詞，指 “魚鰭”。此句中的finning由動詞化的fin（割鯊魚鰭以獲取魚翅）的-ing形式轉化而成，指課文中所陳述的 “獵翅”這一行爲。

2) WildAid和WWF組織

WildAid（美國野生救援協會）是保護野生動物及棲息地環境的一個非盈利性的機構，1999年註冊成立，其宗旨是保護及救助世界範圍內的野生動物；WWF（世界自然基金會）英文全稱爲World Wide Fund for Nature，成立於1961年，是享有國際盛譽，全球最大的獨立性非政府環境保護組織之一。

VII. Homework

Write 5 measures to protect the environment.

Section A 3 (Grammar Focus-4c)

I. Revision

1. Check if you know these phrases.

① 不同種類的污染 ② 河底

③ 把垃圾扔到河裏 ④ 在…中起作用

⑤ 在中國南部 ⑥ 對……有害

⑦ 在……頂部 ⑧ 海洋生態系統

2. Translate these sentences into English.

① 甚至是河底都滿是垃圾。

② 這個方法不僅殘酷還對環境有害。

③ 鯊魚處於海洋食物鏈的頂部。

④ 許多人相信魚翅對健康有好處。

II. Grammar Focus

Pay attention to the sentences.

1) We’re trying to save the earth.

2) The river used to be so clean.

3) The air is badly polluted.

4) No scientific studies have shown that shark fins are good for health.

5) We should help save the sharks.

1. 現在進行時: Present Progressive

定義：表示說話時（瞬間）正在進行的動作，也表示目前或現階段一直進行的動作。

結構: be (am/is/ are) + v.-ing

標誌詞：Look, Listen, now, right now…

e.g. Look! The boy is crying.

2. used to do與be used to doing

used to do sth. 表示過去常常做某事, 而現在往往不做了, 後接動詞原形。

be used to doing sth. 表示習慣於做某事。

e.g. I used to get up at six o’clock.

Joe is used to drinking a cup of coffee every morning.

3. 被動語態：Passive voice

定義：表示主語是動作的承受者，即行爲動作的對象的一種語態。

結構：be + 過去分詞

e.g. A new school was built last year.

Our classroom is cleaned every day.

4. 現在完成時: Present Perfect

定義：表示動作已經完成, 但對現在造成影響; 或者表示從過去某一時間開始一直延續到現在並還可能持續下去的動作。

結構: has/have + 過去分詞

標誌詞：already, yet, ever, never, since, for…

e.g. I haven’t finished my homework yet.

5. 情態動詞

1) 情態動詞本身有一定的詞義，表示說話人的情緒、態度或語氣，但不能單獨作謂語，只能與其他動詞構成謂語。常見的有：can (could), may (might), must, need, shall (should), will (would)等。

2) 情態動詞無人稱和數的變化, 後接動詞原形。否定式是在情態動詞後面加not。個別情態動詞有過去式形式, 可用來表達更加客氣、委婉的語氣。

e.g. Ken can climb up the tress like a koala.

Tracy could ride a bicycle when she was five years old.

You mustn’t play with fire. It is dangerous.

III. Practice

1. Work on 4a. Fill in the blanks with the correct forms of the verbs in brackets.

Joe: _____ you ever ______ (take) part in an environmental project ?

Eric: Yes, I have. I ______ (help) with a Clean-Up Day last year. It was _________ (consider) the biggest clean-up project this city ____ ever

____ (have).

Joe: How many people ____ (take) part?

Eric: I _______ (think) more than 1,000 people ______ (come) to help out.

Joe: That’s fantastic! I guess everyone in this city is ______ (try) to improve the environment.

Eric: Yes, we can’t afford to ____ (wait) any longer to take action!

Learn some new words and expressions.

2. Work on 4b. Fill in the blanks with the appropriate modal verbs from the box. The words are:

can, would, could, have to, should, must, may/might

People __________ think that big things ______ be done to save the earth. Many forget that saving the earth begins with small things. For example, you ____ save electricity by turning off the lights when you leave a room. You ______ also use reusable bags instead of plastic bags. I think it’s a great idea that you now ______ pay for plastic bags in some stores. And instead of driving to school or work, you __________ ride your bike or walk. If it’s far, you __________ take the bus. All these small things ______ add up and become big things that ______ improve the environment. Let’s take action now!

Learn some new words and expressions.

3. Work on 4c. Make a list of things that people can do to help the environment and discuss your list with your partner.

use public transportation (n.交通運輸);

turn off the lights when you leave a room;

use reusable bags instead of plastic bags;

ride your bike or walk to school or work;

stop using paper napkins;

recycle books and paper

…

4. Discussion.

A: I think that everyone should use public transportation.

B: I disagree. It’s difficult for parents with young children to use public transportation…

IV. Language points

1. We can’t afford to wait any longer to take action!

afford v. 承擔得起；提供, 給予

afford to do sth. (常與can, be ble to連用) 買得起；有足夠的……

e.g. We can’t afford to pay such a price. 我們付不起這個價錢。

Dancing affords us pleasure. 跳舞給我們帶來快樂。

2. …save electricity by turning off the lights when you leave a room.

turning off 關掉

e.g. Please turn the television off before you go to bed.

睡覺前請關掉電視。

拓展：turn相關短語

turn around 轉身

turn up 調高（音量）

turn down 調低；拒絕

turn into 變成；進入

turn on 開啟，發動

turn off 關掉，關閉

turn out to be 結果是

turn over 移交

V. Homework

Finish the exercises in the workbook.

Section B 1 (1a-2e)

I. Revision

Role-play this conversation.

A: I think that everyone should use public transportation.

B: I disagree. It’s difficult for parents with young children to use public transportation…

A: But we can do other things. For example, we can go to school on foot.

B: You are right. We should turn off the lights when we leave the room.

II. Leading in

(1) Tell students we should do these things to protect the environment.

Turn off the lights when you leave a room;

Stop riding in cars;

Stopping using paper towels or napkins;

Recycle books and paper.

Turn off the shower while you are washing your hair.

You can help reduce pollution by putting that soda can in a different bin.

Don’t use paper napkins.

(2)What can we do to help save the earth? Rank these items from the easiest (1) to the most difficult(5). (1a)

______stop riding in cars

______recycle books and paper

______turn off the lights when you leave a room

______turn off the shower while you are washing your hair

______don’t use paper napkins

(3) Compare your answers in 1a with your partner.

III. Listening 1c&1d

(1)Listen and check (√ ) the things that Julia and Jack talk about.

(2)Check ( ) the things that Julia is doing now, the things she will do in the future and the things she would never do.

(3)Check the answers with the whole class.

Things Julia and Jack talk about Things Julia is doing now Things Julia will do in the future Things Julia would never do

___ turning off the light

___ turning off the shower

___ stopping using paper napkins

___ taking your own bags

when shopping.

___ not riding in cars

___ riding a bike

___ recycling paper

(4)Listen again and answer the questions below.

①Who read a book?

②Would Julia turn off the shower when she is washing the hair?

③Does Jack live close to school?

Get one student to write the answers on the blackboard.

Keys: Jack.

No, she would never do that.

Yes, he does.

IV. Practice

(1)Make a conversation using the information from the chart in 1c. Say what is true for you.

(2)Guessing game

Show some pictures to students and get them to guess what these things are made from.

V. Reading

Use pictures to presentation the new words.

(1)Read the passage and answer the questions below

①Who is Amy Hayes?

②How many people are mentioned in the passage? Who are they?

Keys: She is a unusual woman in the UK.

Three. They are Amy Hayes, Jessica Wong and Wang Tao.

(2)Read the passage and complete the chart below.

Names What materials did they use? What did they make?

Keys:

Amy Hayes

windows and doors of old buildings that have been pulled down

an old boat

rocks

old glass bottles（n.瓶子）

a house

Jessica Wong

old clothes; especially old jeans

bags

Wang Tao

iron (n. 鐵) and other materials from old cars

beautiful art pieces

(3)Read paragraph 2 and answer the questions.

①Did she win an award? What was it from?

②Where did her windows and doors come from?

③What does the sentence “she lives in a house in the UK that she built herself

out of rubbish” mean?

Keys:

Yes, she did. It was from the Help Save Our Planet Society.

They came from old buildings around her town that were pulled down.

她住在英國，房子是她自己用廢棄物建造而成。

(4)Read paragraph 3 and answer the questions.

①Is Jessica Wong good at recycling? What does she do?

②Where does she sell her bags?

③What will she write in her book?

Keys:

Yes, she is. She uses old clothes that people don’t wear anymore to make bags.

Her shop and website.

New ways to use old clothes.

(5)Read paragraph 4 and answer the questions.

①What does Wang Tao hope to set up? Why?

②Translate the sentence “Not only can the art bring happiness to others, but it also shows that even cold ,hard iron can be brought back to life with a little creativity .” into Chinese.

Keys:

A “metal art” theme park.

Because he wants to show people the importance of environmental

protection.

藝術不但可以給人們帶來快樂，而且也說明只需要一點創造力，即使是

冰冷、堅硬的鐵也可產生活力。

VI. Language points

you often throw away things you don’t need anymore?

1) throw away扔掉，丟棄浪費 (機會、優勢或好處)

e.g. I never throw anything away. 我從來不扔任何東西。

2) 錯過(機會等)，放過；未能很好利用(機會等)

e.g. Don’t throw away this opportunity. 不要錯過這個機會。

3) 浪費(時間、金錢等)亂花(錢等)

e.g. It will be time and money thrown away. 這將是浪費時間和金錢。

2. Have you ever thought about how these things can actually be put to good use?

put sth. to good use 好好利用

e.g. Your creative talents can also be put to good use, if you can work up the

energy. 如果你能讓自己精力充沛起來，你的創作才能也能得到很好的發揮。

3. She lives in a house in the UK that she built herself out of rubbish.

build/make ... out of 用……建造/製造

e.g. He built a model ship out of wood. 他用木頭造了個模型船。

Some birds build nests out of twigs. 一些鳥用小枝築巢 。

4. The top of the house is an old boat turned upside down.

turned upside down 意爲“被翻轉過來的；被顛倒過來的”，做後置定語修飾boat。

e.g. Tony had an upside-down map of Britain on his wall.

託尼的牆上倒掛了一張英國地圖。

The lid, turned upside down, served as a coffee table.

那個蓋子被翻過來當作咖啡桌。

5. And the gate in front of her house is made of rocks and old glass bottles.

be made of和be made from都表示“由……製成”，但二者的用法有區別。be made of常常表示原材料未發生化學變化，從成品中仍可看出原材料；而be made from常常表示原材料經過化學變化，從成品中看不出原材料。

e.g. The desks and chairs are made of wood. 這些課桌椅是木材製成的。

This kind of wine is made from wheat. 這種酒是用小麥製成的。

6. He is known for using iron.

be known for 因……而著名

be known as 作爲……而著名

be known to 對於某人來說是著名的

e.g. He was known for his friendly. 他以友好而著稱。

He is known to the police as a thief. 對警察來說是一個小偷。

Zhou Jielun is known as a rap singer. 周杰倫是作爲一個說唱歌手而出名。

7. Not only can the art bring happiness to others, but it also shows that even cold, hard iron can be brought back to life with a little creativity (n. 創造力).

bring back 恢復；使想起；歸還

not only ... but (also) ... 表示“不但……而且……”。本句中的not only位於句首，其後的主謂要部分倒裝，即根據主語的人稱和數以及時態的變化，將不同的助動詞提到主語前，需要注意的是but (also)後面的主謂不用倒裝。例如：

Not only did my aunt teach at school, but (also) she wrote articles for newspapers.

我阿姨不僅在學校教書而且還給報紙寫稿。

VII. Practice 2c and 2d

(1)Fill in the blanks with the correct forms of the phrases in the box.

put to good use build… out of

pull down （拆下） set up

known for not only… but also

Hayes lives in the UK. Many of the old buildings in her neighborhood were _________________.

the rubbish and old things in Amy’s neighborhood were then

_______________ when Amy built her house.

3. Amy is very creative. She _______ her front gate ___________ rocks and old glass bottles. She put an old boat on top of her house.

4. Jessica Wong sells her bags in a small shop, but she has also ________ an online business to sell them.

5. Though Jessica’s bags are make from old clothes, her bags are ____________ being cute and useful.

6. Wang Tao _________ makes large pieces of metal art that look like animals or humans, __________ makes smaller pieces for the home.

Keys: plled down; put to good use; built out of; set up; known for; not only; but also

(2)Underline the words in the passage based on the words below. What are the differences?

think use environment

usual recycle build

create special recent

important protect inspire

keys: think – rethink special – especially

use – reuse, useful recent – recently

usual – unusual environment – environmental

recycle – recycling important – importance

build – building protect – protection

create – creative; creativity inspire – inspiration

1. Rethink, Reuse, Recycle !

re-是最常用的前綴之一。它可以加在名詞或動詞前面，構成新的名詞或動詞。re-表示以下三方面的意義：

1)表示“回”或“向後”的意思。例如：return（回來）recall（回憶，召回）retract（縮回，取回）

2)表示“再”、“重新”、“重複”的意思。

例如：rethink（再思考）reuse（再運用）restart（重新開始）recycle

（再利用）

3)表示“相反”、“反對”的意思。

例如：rebel（反叛，謀反）reverse （反轉，顛倒）resist（反抗，抵抗）

2. She is a most unusual woman.

un-前綴，常加在形容詞、副詞、分詞、動詞和名詞之前；第一，表示否定意義。第二，表示“反動作”。即“相反的動作”。

例如： uneconomic不經濟的 uncomfortable不舒服的 unending無盡的 unfortunate不幸的 unusual不平常的 unkind不仁慈的 unbind解開，釋放 uncover揭開……的蓋子 unearth由地下掘出 unbutton 解開鈕釦

3. Nothing is a waste if you have a creative mind.

-ive是形容詞後綴 一般表示有......的

create ﹢ -ive = creative

4. Amy recently won a prize from the Help Save Our Planet Society.

recent ﹢-ly = recently形容詞加 ly變副詞

5. Amy is an inspiration (n.靈感) to us all.

後綴-tion附在動詞後面構成名詞

1)當單詞最後是t, d, te, de時，變名詞加tion或者ation, ition；

2)當單詞最後是元音字母時，變名詞加sion等。

6. She especially likes to use old jeans to make handbags.

special 和especial 是同義詞，

especially 是especial 的副詞。

7. The theme park to show people the importance of environmental protection.

importance是important的名詞。

environmental 是environment 的形容詞形式。

protect ﹢-ion = protection

VIII. Discussion 2e

Make a list of things that need to be done to save the environment. Which things can be done by common people every day? Which things have to be done by governments and organizations? Discuss these with your group.

Keys:

Things which can be done by people every day:

take your own bags when you go shopping

spend less time in the shower

turn off the lights when you leave a room

take public transport rather than drive

avoid using air conditioners

Things which have to be done by governments and organizations:

educate the public

ensure that factories get rid of waste in a responsible way

preserve the forests

preserve endangered species

not allow activities that seriously endanger the environment

IX. Homework

Survey the students in our class.

Then take a class vote.

Do you… Names

recycle paper?

turn off lights in the house?

…

Section B 2 (3a-Self Check)

I. Revision

(1)Write down these phrases.

停止乘小汽車 回收紙

用紙巾 好好利用

用垃圾建造房 倒置

經營小生意 回覆，歸還

舊玻璃瓶 拆下

一個有創意的大腦 開一個小店

更受歡迎的作品 給他人帶來歡樂

(2)Talk about 2b with your partner.

II. Presentation

(1)What should we do to save the earth?

Turn off the lights when we leave a room.

Take our own bags when shopping.

Ride a bike.

Recycle paper.

Don’t use paper napkins.

(2)What should governments do to save the earth?

They should close down the factories that put waste into the river.

Set up a lot of dustbins on the street.

Stop people from using wooden chopsticks, plastic bowls and bags.

Organize people to clean up the streets and rivers.

III. Writing

(1) Work on 3a. Which parts of the town/ city have a nice environment? Why are they nice? Which parts need to be improved? Why?

Good environment Why Bad environment Why

Fill in the chart about your city.

(2) Work on 3b.

Write a letter to the city major about the problem and your suggestions.

In your letter, describe the environmental problems in your town/city.

① What are the problems?

② Where are they?

③ What or who is causing these problems?

Then, give suggestions or possible ways to solve the problems.

I think that…

We should/ could…

I suggest…

本次寫作內容是一封書信,信中首先要介紹你所在城市存在有哪些環境問題，是誰造成的這些問題，然後提出解決這些環境問題的方法和措施，可以結合3a中列舉的問題和前面學過的解決辦法來完成這封信。

One possible version

Dear Sir/ Madam,

Environmental problems are becoming more and more serious all over the world. With the development of the society, there are too many cars on the streets in our city. Cars have made the air unhealthy for people to breathe. Black smoke and poisonous gas are given off by factories. Factories also put waste into the river. And wherever we go, we can find rubbish.

Now more and more people have realized these problems. I think that governments should close down the factories and develop laws to stop people from driving cars every day. I suggest everyone in this town should help to clean up the river and the streets. We should call on everyone in the town to throw rubbish in the dustbins.

I hope the problem will be solved in the near future and our home will become better and better.

IV. Self Check

1. Write different forms of the words. Then add more to each group.

v.- n.

pollute --- act --- protect--- inspire ---

build --- create --- farm --- sing ---

travel--- drive --- run --- write ---

n.- adj.

fame --- wood --- science--- health ---

south --- care --- rain --- cloud---

luck --- help --- color --- day ---

adj.- n.

sunny --- noisy --- harmful --- beautiful ---

different --- important--- woolen ---

adj.- adv.

slow --- wide --- sudden --- real ---

quick --- true --- possible--- happy ---

loud --- quiet --- heavy --- easy ---

angry--- good ---

h each statement with the grammar structure.

Statement Grammar

The river used to be so clean. Present progressive

We have seen many changes in the environment. Modal verbs

People should take public transportation more. Passive voice

The river is polluted by factories. used to

The air pollution is getting worse and worse. Present perfect

3. Write ways to cut down on these kinds of