（人教版+朗文）初三英語同步輔導（含同步練習）Unit 13 The world’s population

一. 本週教學內容：

I. 詞彙：

increase, if, multiply, challenge, beginning, square, hardly,prefer, used, beg,worth, secondhand, diagram, discussion, chart, download, path.

II. 詞組和慣用法：

hour after hour 一小時又一小時

multiply …by… …乘以…

at the beginning of … 起初、開始

more and more 越來越…

prefer to 寧願（選擇），更喜歡

rather than 寧可，是…而不是…

beg one’s pardon 請原諒，對不起

be busy doing 忙着做…

look at the table 看這張表格

slow down 下降、放慢

standing room only 只有立足之地

in one year 一年後

enough space 足夠的地方

the more developed countries發達國家

the less developed countries不發達國家

III. 日常交際用語

What’s the population of …

It’s about … billion.

Do you think it will increase?

What can be done to slow down the population increase?

IV. 語法：

（1）數的寫法和讀法

（2）過去將來時的構成及其在賓語從句中的應用。

二. 重點、難點：

1. population

A. 集合名詞，多用單數

The world’s population is growing fast and fast.

B. 在詢問人口與人時，注意people 和population 的不同。

How many people 用複數

What the population用單數

How many people are there in Beijing?

What’s the population of Beijing?

C. 表示人口多少要用large與small來修飾，而不能用very與few來修飾。

Japan has a smaller population than China.

D. population 作主語時，謂語可以用單數，也可以用複數，指一個地區或國家的整體人口時，謂語動詞通常用單數；強調整體人口中的成員時，謂語動詞通常用複數。

The population of Beijing is larger than that of Nanjing.

One third of the population of this country are farmers.

2. challenge.

A. 用作名詞意爲“挑戰、邀請比賽，常跟介詞短語to或動詞不定式.

He has received a challenge to a game.

B. 用作動詞時，意爲“邀請…比賽，向…挑戰，也常接介詞短語to或動詞不定式

I challenged her to a game of tennis.

我邀請她和我賽一場網球。

He challenged me to play chess.

他向我挑戰下象棋。

3. faster and faster

比較級＋and＋比較級，表示越來越…

more and more可用來修飾名詞，形容詞、副詞、動詞等。

The days are getting longer and longer.

More and more people know that it’s important to learn English well.

4. at the beginning of

A. beginning 是名詞“開始、開端”，反義詞ending

A good beginning makes a good ending.

B. at the beginning of = at the start of

At the beginning of the century a war broke out.

C. in（at）the beginning 是副詞短語，意爲“起初、開始時”，相當於at first.

In the beginning she didn’t know who I was.

5. hardly 幾乎不，簡直不，同義詞組爲almost not, almost nothing, almost nobody.

A. hardly 一般位於行爲動詞之前，be動詞之後或第一個助動詞之後。

We hardly have time to play games.

There is hardly anything in the room.

I could hardly stop laughing.

B. 如果強調hardly而將其置於句首，整個句子需倒裝。

“hardly＋助動詞＋主語＋實義動詞”

Hardly did I sleep last night.

Hardly can she believe her own eyes.

C. 句中有hardly時，反意疑問句中的助動詞用肯定形式。

He can hardly work out the problem, can he?

6. prefer的用法

A. prefer（preferred, preferred, preferring）

I prefer rice.

I prefer to play football.

I prefer playing football.

B. prefer （doing）A to （doing）B.

與B相比，更喜歡A同義短語，like …better than

C. rather than. 寧可、是…而不是…

I rather than you should do the work.

該做這工作的是我，而不是你。

He is a musician rather than a teacher.

與其說他是老師，還不如說他是音樂家。

D. prefer …rather than…寧願，做某事而不願做另一件事。

These days some people prefer to talk on the phone rather than write letters to each other.

現在有些人寧願打電話也不願寫信。

7. worth

A. worth是形容詞，be worth“有…價值，值…”

The dictionary is worth ten dollars.

B. be worth doing “值得做…”

This book is worth reading.

This problem is worth thinking about.

【模擬試題】（答題時間：90分鐘）

I．選擇填空

1. That city has ______ population.

A. a little B. a few C. a small D. much

2. _____ is the population of Japan, do you know?

A. How many B. How much C. Which D. What

3. What ______ in one hundred years?

A. happened B. will be happened C. will happen D. happen

4. Fish can't live ______ water.

A. with B. at C. without D. on

5. I’m not ______ at English as he is.

A. as good B. as well C. good as D. better

6. You can borrow ______ book here if you will return it on time.

A. other B. some C. any D. several

7. ______ the beginning _____ the new term students usually work very hard

A. In/of B. In/in C. At/in D. At/of

8. They are becoming ___________.

A. beautifuler and beautifuler B. more beautiful and more beautiful

C. beautiful and beautiful D. more and more beautiful

9. China and India are ______ countries.

A. develop B. developed C. developing D. to develop

10. China has the ___________ population in the world.

A. smallest B. largest C. most D. more

11. Is there ______room for me to stand in?

A. a B. an C. the D./

12. My parents couldn’t decide whether they ______ send me to a private school next year.

A. will B. would C. were D. has to

13. Would you like to read the text as ______ as you can?

A. quickly B. quick C. faster D. quicker

14. They were made to work hour ______ hour.

A. by B. to C. in D. after

15. The population problem ______the greatest one of the world today.

A. may B. maybe C. may be D. be

16.-What are you going to do ______?

-I've no idea.

A. last B. next C. following D. before

17. Can you find out the answer ______this question?

A. in B. to C. on D. at

18. During the last three years my hometown ______ very quickly.

A changed B. has changed C. changed D. changes

19. I don't know if he ______. If he ______, I’ll let you know.

A. comes, comes B. will come, will come

C. will come, comes D. comes, will come

20. How do you say 6,281,000,000 in English?

A. Six million, two hundred and eighty-one million.

B. Six million and two hundred and eight-one thousand.

C. Six billion, two hundred and eight-one million.

D. Six billion, two hundred and eight-one millions.

21. Many scientists thought that there ______ enough space for men to live in.

A. wouldn't be B. wouldn't have

C. weren't going to be D. wasn't going to have

paper of this book is not _______.

A. enough good B. well enough C. good enough D. enough well

bridge is about ______ long.

A. five hundred metre B. five hundred metres

C. five hundreds metres D. five hundred of metres

number of the students in our class ______56.

A. are B. were C. is D. am

25.–Basketball is the most popular game in America.

–_______.

A. So does it B. So it does C. So is it D. So it is

II．閱讀理解

A

Peru(祕魯)is the fifth largest Latin American country with a population of 14430000. Almost half of these people live in the city areas(地區). Around Lima, there were 20% of the total (總數) population in 1961. The population here grew faster than anywhere else and in another 35 years reaches 1 /3 of the total population.

About 45% of the people are Indians and 50% are white or mixed（混合人種）and the others are Asians, Negroes(黑人)or people from other countries.

In island areas, only about half of the people can read and write, but at the places near the sea, 2/3 of the population can read and write.

1. Which of the following is true?

A. Four countries are larger than Peru in Latin America.

B. Peru is the largest in the five of Latin American countries.

C. Latin is the fifth largest country in North America.

D. Five countries are larger than Peru in Latin America.

2. How many Peruvians(祕魯人)live in the country area?

A. 14430000 B. 7215000 C. 4810000 D. 2886000

3. By the year 1996, the population in Lima was possibly ________.

A. 2886000 B. 7215000 C. 4810000 D. none of the above

4. In the past 35 years, the population in Lima has grown faster than　

A. any place in Peru B. any other place in Peru

C. any place in Latin America D. any other place in the world

5. People living along the sea are possibly ________.

A. better educated (教育) B. worse educated

C. poorer in reading D. better at reading but not writing

B

Life in the twenty-first century will be very different from life today. Between then and now many changes will take place, but what will the changes be?

The population is growing fast. There will be many people in the world and most of them will live longer than people live now.

Computers will be much smaller and more useful, and there will be at least one in every home. And computer studies will be one of the important subjects in school then.

People will work fewer hours than they do now and they will have more free time for sports, watching TV and traveling. Traveling will be much easier and cheaper. And many more people will go to other countries for holidays.

There will be changes in our food, too. Maybe no one will eat meat every day. Instead they eat more fruit and vegetables. Maybe people will be healthier.

Work in the future will be different, too. Dangerous and hard work can be done by robots. Because of this, many people will not have enough work to do. This will be a problem.

6. There will be ______ in the future.

A. small population B. few changes C. more people D. few people

7. In the future the computer will be ______.

A. much bigger and few people will use it

B. much smaller and more useful

C. smaller and not many people will use it

D. bigger and a lot of people will use it

8. In the future more people ______.

A. will go to other countries for holidays B. will study at school

C. will go earlier D. will work for many hours

9. People will prefer ______ to ______ in the future.

A. fruit and vegetables, meat B. meat, fruit and vegetable

C. fruit and meat, vegetable D. meat and vegetables, fruit

10. The robots will ______ in the future.

A. do the dangerous work B. do all the work

C. do only housework D. do the easy work for people

III. 完形填空

London in the seventeenth century was one of the most beautiful cities in Europe of the time. There 1 many important buildings and one or two famous theatres . There was also one large bridge 2 the River Thames.

___3 , most of Londoners lived in 4 wood houses in the streets. There were 5 drains(下水道), so people 6 their dirty water and rubbish into the streets. It was 7 .

8 September 2nd, 1666, at about three o'clock in the morning, a 9 suddenly started in a shop. There was a strong 10 and the fire went 11 from one street to the 12 .

The fire lasted(持續) for three 13 and destroyed 13,200 homes and many other important 14 . This was the 15 of the old city of London.

1. A. are B. have C. were D. had

2. A. though B. in C. on D. across

3. A. Because B. However C. Everywhere D. Still

4. A. strong B. huge C. small D. modern

5. A. no B. many C. several D. all kinds of

6. A. threw B. put C. carried D. used

7. A. instructive B. interesting C. difficult D. dangerous

8. A. During B. On C. In D. About

9. A. fire B. shout C. play D. program

10. A. rain B. snow C. wind D. force

11. A. hurriedly B. quickly C. suddenly D. slowly

12. A. other B. another C. next D. one

13. A. days B. years C. minutes D. hours

14. A. brides B. theatres C. buildings D. cities

15. A. beginning B. middle C. whole D. end

IV. 詞語練習

A）用括號內所給單詞的適當形式填空。

1. In one minute, 174 ______were born in the world (baby).

the population of the world still grows fast, there will be only______(stand)room on the earth.

the beginning of the ______(twenty)century, the world’s population was about 1,700 million.

4. Our country is becoming _________and _________(strong).

5. America is a _________(develop)country.

B）根據句意，在空格中填入適當的詞。

6. One hundred is called a _________.

7. France and Germany are ________ countries.

8. The population of the world is still ________ today.

9. ________ about 600 years, there will be standing room only on the earth.

10. I m sure you’ll have a good time ________ you stay in China.

C) 找出一處與句子劃線部分意思相同或相近的詞或詞組的選項。

have to wait for the train hour after hour.

A. for two hours B. for many hours C. for a while D. for a moment

a strong wind! It goes on and on for three days.

A. starts B. finishes C. lasts D. comes

13. The world's population was about 1,700 million at the beginning of the twentieth century.

A. a hundred year B. hundreds years

C. hundred of years D. a hundred years

14. There is enough space from sixty people.

A. room B. rooms C. place D. house

l5. During the next hour, over l0, 440 more babies will be born on the earth.

A. almost B. nearly C. more than D. less than

V. 補全對話

A）填入所缺單詞，使對話完整與通順。

A: Could you ___1___ me your geography（地理）book?

B: ___2___. ___3___ you are.

A: ___4___you. We have just learned Unit 20. It tells us something ___5__ the world’s population. I want to know ___6___ about ___7___.

B: I’m not ____8___it now.

A: Thank you very much.

B: ___9___ at ___10___.

B）從方框內七個句子中，選擇五個句子完成對話。

John, Peter and Mark are brothers. Their father has a new car, and they clean it for him in turns. It has just rained, and the car is very dirty. John is looking at it, and he is talking to Peter.

John: The car hasn't been cleaned for a few days.

Peter: 1 . It is very dirty.

John: Someone should clean it today.

Peter: Mark should clean it. 2 .

John: No, he cleaned it last time. It’s your turn.

Peter: 3 I always clean it after you,

John: Oh, dear, is it really my turn? But 4 .

Peter: Clean it now. Only lazy people leave today's work to tomorrow.

John: 5 .

Peter & Mark: You are even lazier.

VI. 書面表達

下面是一則書面通知，內容要點如下：

1. 今天下午2點半來自一中的王老師給同學們作一場關於世界人口知識的報告。

2. 地點：本校操場。

3. 請同學們2點鐘自帶椅子和筆記本在操場集合。

4. 會場要保持安靜。

5. 請準時參加，不要遲到。

【試題答案】

I．

1. C 2.D 3.C 4.C 5.A 6.C 7.D 8. D 9. C 10. B 11. D 12. B 13.A

14. D 15. C 16. B 17. B 18.B 19. C 20. C 21.A 22.C 23.B 24.C 25.D

II.

1.A 2. B 3. C 4. B 5. A 6. C 7. B 8. A 9. A 10. A

III.

1.C 2.D 3.B 4.C 5.A 6.A 7.D 8.B

9.A 10.C 11.B 12.C 13. A 14.C 15.D

IV.

es ding tieth nger, stronger 5. developed

ury loped ing ng 11.B 12.C

13.D 14. A 15.C

V.

A) ainly/Sure k t g

B) 1-5 A D G F E

VI.

Mr. Wang from No. 1 Middle School will give us a talk at half past two this afternoon. He will talk about something about the world's population. We'll meet on the school playground at two o’clock. Everyone should take his own chair and notebook. During the lecture we should keep quiet. Don’t be late.