Unit 1 Good friends知識點講解(人教版高一英語上冊教案教學設計)

重點句型:

day Chuck is on a flight across the pacific Ocean when suddenly his plane crashes. 一天正在一架飛過太平洋的飛機上，突然飛機失事了。

when是一個並列連詞的作用，表示前一個動作正在進行時突然發生此事。多用於句型：

be doing…when…，be about to do …when…，句中is on a flight等於is flying。例如：

辨析：

1） be doing ... when ...正在做某事，這時候……；

when conj.( at that time ,and then)

sb. was doing sth. when sth. happened.表示某個動作正在進行，這時另一個動作意想不到的發生了。

I was walking on the street yesterday when I saw an old friend。昨天正在街上走着忽然碰上一個老朋友。

I was reading a newspaper when the doorbell rang.我正在看報，這時門鈴響了。

2）I was about to start when it began to rain .　　　我正要動身，就開始下雨了。

We were just about to leave when you telephoned .　 我們正要離開時，你來電話了。

句中的be about to do sth表示“即將做某事”，“馬上就要做某事”，“正要做某事”。

be just about to ... when ...正要做某事，這時候……

be about to do sth.

= be on th point of doing sth.

= be just going to do sth.

=be on the edge of doing sth.

=be on the way to doing sth.

=be just ready to do sth.表示即可就要發生（做）事情（不跟將來的具體時間連用；常和連用）

We are about to attend a meeting我們要參加會議。

The film is about to begin..電影馬上開演了

I was about to telephone Ann when Ann telephoned me first.我正要給安打電話，就在這時安先給我打電話。

3）had just done ... when ...剛剛做好某事，這時候……[表示某個動作剛開始沒多久，這時另一個動作突然發生了。

I had just finished my homework when my father came in.我剛做完家庭作業，父親來了。

We had just begun our work when the machine broke down.我們剛剛開始工作，這時機器突然出故障。

I hadn’t been asleep for long when the baby began to cry.我沒睡多久，這時嬰兒開始哭了。

4）My friend Jack came to see me , when I had dinner .　　　我的朋友傑克來看我，那時我正在吃晚飯。

Lily was just going to the party when she felt ill.莉剛要去參加晚會，突然她感到不舒服。

I was just about to start when it began to rain.

I was reading when the light went out.我正在看書，這時燈突然滅了。

2. In order to survive, Chuck develops a friendship with an unusual friend - a volleyball he calls Wilson. 爲了生存，查克與一個特殊的朋友建立了友誼，一個他稱作威爾森的排球。

in order to do…引導目的狀語，意爲：爲了做某事。否定式：in order not to do例如：

They did anything in order to make money. 爲了賺錢他們什麼都能做。

I work hard at my lessons in order to enter a key university.

我努力學習功課是爲了進入一所重點大學。

He stepped aside in order for me to pass.他往邊上挪了一下，爲的是讓我過去。

We started early so that we could catch the early bus.

=We started early in order that we could catch the early bus.

= We started early in order to catch the early bus.

= We started early so as to catch the early bus.[so as to 不能放在句首]

=In order to catch the early bus, we started early.

=我們早起，爲了能趕上早班車。

3)Chuck is a businessman who is always so busy that he has little time for his firneds.

引導結果狀語從句的連詞有so．．．that（如此……以致於），such．．．that（如此……以致於）等。常用句型：

so＋形容詞／副詞＋that從句

such a／an ＋形容詞＋單數可數名詞＋ that從句

such＋形容詞＋複數可數名詞／不可數名詞＋that從句

so＋形容詞＋a／an＋單數可數名詞＋that從句

1)so…that引導結果狀語從句常用如下結構：

so+形容詞+that+從句

I was so sleepy that I could hardly keep my eyes open. 我太困了，眼睛實在睜開了。

so+副詞+that+從句 The foreign visitor spoke so fast that I couldn’t follow him..那位外國客人說得太快，我跟不上他。

so+分詞+that+從句

The book is so written that it gives a quite wrong idea of the facts.這本書的寫法使人對事實產生誤解。

many

so+ +名詞+that+從句

much

The house cost so much money that we didn't buy it.這房子要價太高，我們沒買。

He has so little education that he can’t get a job.

【注意】 so除了和many或much連用，後接複數可數名詞或不可數名詞外，一般不能和其它形容詞連用來修飾名詞，如不能說so good girls。

so+形容詞+a(an)+單數名詞+that+從句

It is so easy an exercise that all of us can do it.這個問題十分容易，我們都會做。

其規律由so與such的不同詞性決定。such 是形容詞，修飾名詞或名詞詞組，so是副詞，只能修飾形容詞或副

詞。so 還可與表示數量的形容詞many，few，much， little連用，形成固定搭配。

so + adj./adv.　　　　　　　such + a(n) + adj. + n. 可數

so + adj. + a(n) + n.　　　 such + adj + n. (pl.)

so + adj. + n. (pl.)　　　 such + adj. + n. (不可數)　

so + adj. + n. [不可數]　　 such + little + n. [不可數]

so foolish　　　　　　　　 such a fool　

so nice a flower　　　　　 such a nice flower

so many/ few flowers　　　 such nice flowers

so much/little money.　　　 such rapid progress　

so many people　　　　　　 such a lot of people

so many 已成固定搭配，a lot of 雖相當於 many，但 a lot of 爲名詞性的，只能用such搭配。

so…that與such…that之間的轉換既爲 so與such之間的轉換。

2)such…that引導結果狀語從句常用句型：

such a+單數可數名詞+that+從句

He told us such a funny story that we all laughed.

such+複數可數名詞+that+從句

He told us such funny stories that we all laughed．他給我們講了那麼多有趣的故事，我們全都哈哈大笑。

such+不可數名詞+that+從句

He made such rapid progress that we admired him.

比較：

He is such a great writer that we like him.[狀語從句]

He is such a great writer as we like. [定於從句]

such(用作代詞)+that+從句

Her diligence was such that he made great progress. 她如此勤奮，因而大有進步。

such用法

一、such修飾單數名詞時，放於不定冠詞a(an)之前，若名詞前有one，no，any，some， all, many等修飾時，such放在這些修飾詞之後。

He's such a man.他就是這麼一個人。

One such table is enough.這樣的桌子，有一張就夠了。

There is no such thing.沒有這麼一回事。

二、such位於句首時，句子須倒裝，謂語動詞的單複數根據其後的名詞決定。

Such is my hope for the future.我對未來的希望就是這樣。

Such were the facts.事實就是這樣。

三、在such…that…，such…as…句型中，如從句不缺少句子成分，用that引導，表示“如此…以至於”；如從句中缺少句子成分，用as引導，表示“像…一樣的”“像……”。

He had such long arms that he could almost touch the ceiling.他的胳臂很長，幾乎能碰到天花板。

She is such a good teacher just as we expect.正如我們所料，她是一位好老師。　

四、用於某些短語中，如：such as表示列舉，有“例如、諸如”等意思，as such則是“作爲一個…，本身”等意思，such and such表示“某某，這種那種的”等意思。

I like drinks such as tea and soda.我喜歡諸如茶和汽水之類的飲料。

Wealth, as such doesn't matter much.財富本身算不了什麼。

Such and such results follow from such and such causes.這樣那樣的原因就產生這樣那樣的結果。

4. Rock music is OK and so is skiing.

I don’t like singing, nor do I like computers.

句式：

肯定句，so + be(have,助動詞，情態動詞)+主語

否定式，neither/nor + be(have,助動詞，情態動詞)+主語

“… …也是這樣”三種句型

句型1.”so + 助動詞 + 主語”(前面的句子爲肯定句)前面的句子爲否定句

1.前後主語不同，謂語相同，承前省略後面相同的謂語。

He went to the theatre last night. So did I(go to the theatre).她昨晚去看戲了。“我也去了”。

If he goes to visit the Great Wall, so will I (go to visit it).如果她去參觀高壩，我也去。

If you don’t go , nor shall I.

2.前後主語相同，謂語不同，後面謂語不能省略。

She can dance, (and) so can she sing. 她能跳舞，也能唱歌。

句型2.”neither(nor)+ 助動詞 + 主語”前面的句子爲否定句

1． 前後主語不同，謂語相同，承前省略謂語。

I didn’t see him. Neither(Nor) did she(see him)我沒見到他，他也沒有。

She has never been to America, and neither(nor) have I(been to America).

她從未去過美國，我也沒有。

2． 前後主語相同，謂語不同，後面的謂語不能省。

Do you know Jim quarreled with his brother?””你知道吉姆和她弟弟爭吵這件事嗎？”I don’t know, nor do I care. “我不知道，我也不關心。”

注意:neither 不完全等於nor。當表示三者或三者以上都不時，只能用。

例如：She can’t speak Russian, nor can I ,nor can you, nor can everyone else.

她不能講俄語，我也不能，你也不能，其他任何人都不能。

句型3 so it is(was) with + …; It is(was) the same with…前面的句子常含有兩個或兩個以上不同意義的謂語動詞，或前面是兩個主語不同的並列句。

My brother is a good student and studies hard, so it is with my sister.我弟弟是一個好學生，並且努力學習，我妹妹也是如此。

should a good friend be like?好朋友應該是什麼樣的？

like sb. (sth.)

like doing/to do sth.

Like sb. to do sth. 喜歡某人做某事

Which + (n.) + do you like better, A or B?

Which + (n.) +do you like best, A, B or C?

How do you like sth……?

What’s sb. like? 問人品或長相

What’s sth. like?= How is sth.? 問情況，形式

what is the weather like today?=How is the weather today?=What/How about the weather today?

what is it like?詢問對方對有關人員或事物的評價或感想，或要求對方描述有關人或事故的外貌

What do you think of…？

How do you find/like…？

What/how about (one’s ) doing sth.?

What do sb. like …？某人喜歡…？

What do sb. look like…？某人什麼樣？

What is he like? He is tall, strong and brave.

What is your teacher like? He is kind but strict.

What’s the TV play like? Wonderful.那部電視劇怎麼樣？好極了。

What was it like ? Very strange.那是什麼樣呢？非常奇怪。

What’s that kind of radio like?那種收音機是什麼樣的？

It’s a pocket one. Very nice and fine.是袖珍的，美觀又精緻。

What’s the young man? 那個年輕人什麼樣的？ He’s tall and handsome. 他高大英俊。

They don’t like the house to be left empty.他們不喜歡讓房子空閒着。

I’d like him to come.我不喜歡他來。

6. 情態動詞用於虛擬語氣中表示責備的感情色彩，用法如下：

（1） should have done表示“本來應該做某事而實際上未做”，

shouldn’t have done則表示“本不應該做某事而實際上做了”。如：

You should have told me about it earlier.

You shouldn’t have said such words to your parents.

You should have told me so before.你以前就該告訴我。

（2） ought to have done也表示“本應該……”

ought not to have done則意爲“本不應該……”。如：

You ought to have told me about it earlier.

You ought not to have said such words to your parents.

7．even if (=even though) 儘管；即使(引導讓步狀語從句)

We can’t get the work even if we stay up all night.即使我們晚上不睡覺，我們也完不成這項工作。

I’ll do it even if it takes me all the afternoon.這件事即使用一下午，我也得幹。

1. tell a lie

2. 說謊lie,lied,lied,lying

3. 躺,臥，平放，位於lie, lay, lain,lying

4. 放置,安排，產卵lay, laid, laid laying

5. lie on one’s side側臥

6. lie one one’s back仰臥

7. lie on one’s face府臥=lie face downwards

8. lie one the bed躺在牀上

9. lay one’s hand on one’s shoulder

10. lay the table for one’s supper擺設餐具吃

11. lay the table擺放餐具（準備吃飯,可是三餐

12. lay breakfast擺桌子（吃早餐）

13. lay the baby on the bed放

14. lay eggs a new-laid egg一隻新下的蛋

15. lay a carpet/pipe鋪設

16. lay down放下，使躺下，獻出，放棄，鋪設，規定

17. lay down one’s office辭職

18. lay down one’s life for the country

19. lay down one’s arms投降

20. lay aside(away,by)藏起，積蓄；留起，保留；放下，放置一旁；放棄，拋棄

21. lay off解僱，休息

e

be scared of對……感到恐懼

be scared at因（聽，看到）……而恐懼

sb. be scared to do sth.害怕做某事[語氣比be afraid of強]

scare sb. to death 嚇的某人要死

Seeing the scaring fire spreading in the building, she was too scared to cry for help.

be afraid of（怕而不願）

害怕某事所產生的結果,表示害怕發生不愉快的事和意料之外的事

be afraid to do（怕而不敢）害怕某事不敢做做某市有顧慮

be afraid for爲擔心

I am afraid for your health. 我爲你的身體擔心。

be afraid that-clause 常用來表示一種歉意和遺憾，拒絕對方的請求不能爲對方效勞

在意思上相當於I’m sorry,but…

I’m afraid that I can’t help you. 恐怕我不能幫你。

I’m afraid I’m late.抱歉我遲到了。

10．fire

open fire開火

cease fire停火

make a fire生火 [教材中無冠詞，但詞典中有]

miss fire（ 槍、炮）不發火，打不響

strike a fire打火

discover a fire發現火情

watch the fire圍觀大火

control the fire控制火勢

light(start) a fire點火

hold fire忍着不表態（或不採取行動）

catch fire 着火

begin to burn（強調動作）

fight a fire救火

stand the fire耐火

set fire to = set ^on fire使燃燒，點燃

on fire着火burning（強調狀態）

play with fire玩火

escape from the fire逃離火境

be killed(burnt) in the fire被火燒死

be trapped by the fire被火圍困

put out the fire滅火

keep away from fire切勿近火

at the fire在火爐旁

vt. fire a house放火燒屋

fire (up) a cigar點燃雪茄煙

fire pottery燒製陶器

fire workers解僱工人

fire a gun開槍

fire alarm火警

fire engine救火車

fire-fighter消防人員

fire escape安全梯

fire lines火災現場警戒線

be trapped by the fire被火圍困

be trapped above the fire被火圍困在上面

be killed in the fire被大火燒死

be burnt in the fire被大火燒掉

put sth. over the fire在火上燒、烤東西

11. care

Care for or care about or be fond of喜歡 2. be pleased by對……中意 worried aboutfeel trouble or anxiety about對……擔心 (show,feel )concern for,be concerned about對…關心關懷

Care about: consider important;be interested in重視、講究；介意；對……感性趣[‘在乎，在意計較常用於否定句、疑問句]

He doesn’t care about others.他不關心別人。

Care for after,attend to照料,照顧

ect,have regard for,look up to,pay attention to尊重,尊敬

,wish,would like願意

Would you care for a walk? =Would you car to go for a walk?

I don’t care for him to read this letter?我不願意讓他看着

Care to do = care for喜歡，願意

Care that-clause=care about 在乎，關心 I don’t care what you say.你說什麼，我不關心。

Why should I care what he said ?我爲什麼要計較他說的話呢？

Take care= be careful take care of =look after with care小心

Take care of =look after

With care= carefully

12．Alone

He doesn’t feel lonely when he is alone.

He likes being alone.

Mr Smith alone knows what happened.

e-mail is less formal than a letter, but there are still a few things to keep in mind.

She is less tall than he.

=She is not so tall as he.

=She is shorter than he.

=He is taller than he.他比她高。

14． Hunt

go hunting

hunt for = look for=search for