社會現象類議論文習作例析

一、習作原文

【習作題目】

Students Grading of Their Teachers

1．學生給老師打分已很普遍；

2．人們對其持不同態度（肯定或否定的態度）；

3．你的看法。

【習作解讀】

顯然，此任務是寫一篇議論文，主題爲對學生給老師打分的現象進行議論，開放性較大。學生應根據實際情況，從多個方面闡述其原因並表達自己對這種現象的觀點和態度。該話題更加貼近學生的實際生活，但有一定的語言難度，也有一定的思想深度。透過此文的寫作，也從側面提示了學生在注重寫作基礎訓練的前提下，也應該注重培養積極思考、靈活運用、自由發揮等能力。

此次的寫作任務出題相當巧妙，寫作內容涉及的詞彙和句型都屬於新課程標準範圍。題目在考查學生寫作能力的同時，也在考查學生的分析判斷能力及高度概括能力。富有想象力的學生寫出的文章可能生動而富有靈性。此題目能引發學生對平日習以爲常的行爲進行反思，學會換位思考，這對中學生的性格和品德培養非常重要。

【習作展示】

Students Grading of Their Teachers

Nowadays, a lot of schools ask their students to contribute to grading their teachers. As a teacher, it is their responsibility to satisfy their students in all aspects. Meanwhile, it is admirable that school teachers prefer to expose themselves to their students.

If the system of grading of teachers by students is introduced, it will benefit students, teachers and the administration of the school for a number of reasons. For one thing, the system will give teachers and the administration of the school an insight into the minds of the students and show whether the teachers are successful in getting their lessons understood by the students; for another, it will also encourage the good teachers to continue their efforts and motivate themselves. What is more, it will expose those who are not doing enough and will lead them to correct their teaching methods as well as their attitude towards students. Thus the quality of teaching will certainly improve.

In a word, it is a promising concept and will bring surprisingly good results if applied with the right conditions.

【習作點評】

作者觀點明確，贊成學生給老師打分。作爲老師，就要做一個讓學生滿意的老師。這樣，不僅對學生、學校有利，而且對老師本人也有利。這樣，老師就會從另一個角度重新審視自己，看自己是否是一個成功的老師。如果得到學生的認可，這將是對自己的一次鼓勵，爲繼續前行增添動力。如果學生的認可度不高，老師就應進行反思，調控教學方法和教學態度。這樣，教學質量肯定會提高。作

者用簡潔、明快的語言以及自己的經歷列舉了充分的論據，內容充實，貼近生活。For one thing, for another, what is more, in a word等過渡詞的使用，是短文結構清晰，層次分明。最後，最值得一提的是，文中多次正確運用的進階詞彙和複雜句式，給文章增添了不少文采。綜上所述，這是一篇不可多得的佳作，值得向大家推薦。

二、寫作模板

此模板適用於社會現象類議論文。參考模式如下：

Nowadays, there exists an increasingly serious social/economic/environmental There are a couple of reasons behind this problem/phenomenon. For one ；Based on the above discussions, I can easily forecast that more and more people 

Nowadays, there exists a common phenomenon—with the development of the Internet, more and more people tend to send electronic cards instead of paper ones to their friends and relatives when an important holiday comes.

There are a couple of reasons behind this phenomenon. For one thing, compared with the traditional cards, electronic cards are more lively and interesting. They can give not only pictures but also sound and animation. For another, there are many websites online which offer varieties of cards for you to choose from. What is more, with the popularity of the electronic cards, less paper is used in making paper cards, which does good to our environment.

Based on the above discussions, I can easily forecast that sending greetings by using electronic cards will be accepted by more and more people, not only the young ones.

三、寫作指導

寫作思路是先列出一個具體的社會問題或者現象，然後分析產生的原因和產生的影響，最後提出解決問題的辦法，或者得出結論，或者提出個人看法，或者預測前景。

論點、論據、論證是議論文的三要素。論點是作者對所議論問題所持有的見解和主張，論據是用來證明論點的事實和道理的`根據；論證是用論據來證明論點的方法和過程。一般來說，議論文每段都有主題句來確定論點。論證的方法很多，但最常用的是因果分析法。即：分析事實與論點的因果關係，指出取得結果的原因是所要證明的論點，從而達到論證的目的。

在近幾年的高考中，議論文的比重佔得越來越多，議論文的出題形式可以多種多樣，有看圖寫作、圖表、表格、書信等各種類型，但文體實際是議論文，而有時是夾敘的議論文。議論文的寫作要點是：

1. 觀點鮮明，文章一定有一個明確的中心論點。

2. 層次分明，一箇中心論點通常有幾個分論點支援，不同層次之間要分明，過渡清晰自然。

3. 最後一段一般要總結全文，得出一個符合邏輯的結論，突出中心思想。

4. 一般採用一般現在時。

5. 語言簡潔有力，一般不採用口語。

四、鞏固練習

1.【練習題目】

2010年上海世界博覽會期間，上萬的青年志願者參加志願工作，請你談談對此現象的看法。

【參考範文】

During the period of holding the 2010 World Expo in Shanghai, tens of thousands of young citizens are participating in volunteer work, hoping to devote themselves to the grand occasion. As far as I am concerned, everyone ought to enter for it. Here are the reasons I want to mention.

It can be argued that the advantages of doing unpaid volunteer work are enormous, because volunteer work is actually a two-way street. First of all, volunteer work should always benefit people who need help. Those who need help will feel happier due to our immediate help. On the other hand, as far as the young people ourselves are concerned, we have more opportunities to develop the sense of responsibility, independence as well as interpersonal skills in the process of helping others.

Through this kind of work, we become confident and mature. In addition, we can make many friends and increase our chances of getting the jobs of our dreams. Furthermore, volunteer work plays an active role in building up a harmonious society.

In a word, it is of great value for the young adults to offer volunteer work. The youth volunteers do make a difference by the voluntary work! Why not join them and do something for our country?

2.【練習題目】

某些中學生爲了顯示自己成熟或表明自己醋而吸菸。請寫一篇120詞左右的短文，列舉吸菸的危害，並提出建議。

【參考範文】

I am sorry to know that more and more middle school students begin to smoke. I think it is wrong to believe that smoking is cool and even think that smoking makes you appear to be mature. In fact, smoking is not cool but very dangerous.

First, smoking can do much damage to health. Scientific researches show that smoking can lead to heart diseases, cancers and other problems. It is reported that about 5 million people die of diseases related to smoking each year all over the world.

Second, it is a waste of money to smoke cigarettes. Smoking can cost a great deal of money. Once you are addicted to it, it is difficult to give it up.

What’s more, smoking can cause fires easily, which may do great damage to your life and your surroundings.

So give up smoking at once! Only in this way can you keep healthy forever.

3. 【練習題目】近年來，越來越多的中學生出國學習，出現了所謂的中學生“出國熱”。請根據以下提供的資訊，談談自己的看法。

1）良好的語言環境，更利於語言學習。

2）拓寬視野，學習國外先進的科學技術。

3）傳播各民族間的不同文化。

參考詞彙：媒介，中間人：mediator

【參考範文】

In recent years, studying abroad has been popular. Tens of thousands of Chinese middle school students have gone to foreign countries to study．Many people are trying their best to apply to go abroad.

There are a number of reasons for attending schools abroad．First, students who are studying abroad can act as mediators between people of different cultures. They can communicate with each other directly and learn about different cultures. Second, they can learn much more advanced knowledge of science and technology from foreign countries and experience different education methods．Third, they live in foreign countries and take classes given by foreign teachers. As a result, they can learn foreign languages much more quickly.

Therefore, it is advisable to attend schools abroad.

4.【練習題目】隨着經濟和社會的發展，道路上的私人小汽車越來越多。請根據自己的觀察和理解，談談自己的觀點。

【參考範文】

With the fantastic development both in economy and in society in China, the number of people who own private cars is on the rise. Some people have bought cars of their own, and others are planning to buy cars. But I strongly object to the increase in developing private cars.

I hold that automobiles will give rise to a series of problems. In the first place, as more and more cars are produced and run on the road, a large volume of poisonous gas will be given off, polluting the atmosphere and causing actual harm to the health of people. Next, private cars contribute to traffic jams so greatly that the advantages gained in comfort and freedom are often cancelled out by the frustration caused by traffic jams. The last problem is the increasing number of car accidents that have killed and will kill a lot of people in a friction of a second.

In a word, although automobiles have been playing a vital part in the daily activities of our society, they also bring us numerous troubles such as more serious environmental pollution, more traffic accidents and more energy consumption. They drink up huge amounts of fuel and throw out huge amounts of pollutants. Jams waste our precious time. Therefore, I am against developing private cars.