Unit 22 The sports meeting

單元教學目標

1. 副詞的比較級，最進階的運用

2. 形容詞、副詞的同級比較形式(as…as not as/so…as)

3. 與運動會有關的詞組、句式

【重點難點解析】

1. 副詞的比較等級。

A. 有些副詞和形容詞一樣，也有比較級和最進階。單音詞和少數雙音詞是在詞尾加-er或-est構成其比較級和最進階；部分雙音節詞和多音節詞是在詞前加more或most；還有就是不規則變化形式；如：well better best badly worse worst much more most far farther farthest

B. 當二者(人或物)進行比較時，用比較級。如：

Yu Yan ran faster than Li Lei.

Lucy did worse than Lily.

C. 三者或三者以上進行比較時，表示其中一人或物“最……”時，用最進階。副詞最進階前可省略定冠詞the。

Zhang Jun jumped(the) highest of all.

LiLy did worst of the three.

D. 在表示“和…一樣”以及“不如……時”，可用“as…as…”和“not so/as…as…”結構，句子中形容詞或副詞須用原形。

I run as fast as Li Ming. 我和李明跑得一樣快。

Mike didn't sing so/as well as Mary. 邁克唱歌不如瑪麗。

2. He stopped to get it and of course fell behind.

他停下來撿接力棒，當然就落後了。

stop to do sth. 意思是“停下某事而去做另一件事”；stop doing sth. 意思是“停止正在做的事情”。如：

①The teacher was reading a book before we came, but he stopped to talk with us as soon as he saw us.

在我們來以前，老師正在看書，但他一見到我們就停下來和我們說話。

②The students stopped talking when the teacher came in.

老師進來時，學生們停止了說話。

3. …and congratulation to the winners. ……而且祝賀獲勝者。

congratulation常用複數，可單獨使用，也可構成詞組。

congratulations to sb. on (doing) sth. 意爲“爲某事向某人表示祝賀”。

Congratulations to you on your good results.

4. Girls' 100-metre race. 女子百米賽。

“100米”應譯爲100 metres。但是100-metre是合成詞，用來修飾race時，metre用單數形式，作前置定語。也可以說：The race of girls' 100 metres. 這時100 metres做後置定語。

注意girls'要用複數名詞的所有格。

5. …but I know you did you best, and that's what's important.

…但我知道你盡力了，那纔是重要的。

此句中what's important作表語從句。

do one's best to do sth. 盡力去做某事。I'll do my best to study English well.

【命題趨勢分析】

1. 形容詞和副詞的比較等級是本單元的重點內容，其應用是本單元的重點命題方向。要注意有些句子比較級和最進階形式的相互轉換。

2. 關於談論“運動會”的一些重要的詞組的應用，也是考點之一。

如：Who's first? take part in, pass…on, catch up with, stop to do sth. fall behind, go on doing sth, be neck and neck, at the same time, It was difficult to see. 等等

3. 幾個不規則變化的副詞的比較級、最進階的應用，如：

far-farther-farthest, badly-worse-worst, well-better-best等。

核心知識

【常用詞彙積累】

n: meeting, neck, stick, race, relay, loudspeaker, result, headteacher.

v: win, shout.

adv: far鰂arther鰂arthest, loudly, rather, badly.

詞組: 100-metre race, the high jump, he long jump, be in front, at the same time, a moment later, come on, pass on(to), catch up with, fall behind, right now.

【基礎知識精講】

1. Who was first? 誰第一?

表示名次時應該用序數詞，序數詞有不加冠詞。注意序數詞在句中做副詞或用做表語時，前面不加冠詞。

2. Which sport are you in today? 今天你參加了什麼項目?

in 爲副詞，be in…(sport)參加…運動，如：

I'm in 100-metre race. 我參加100米比賽。

be in可替換成take part in…

I take part in 100-metre race.

3. Come on! 快! 快跑!

這個詞組用於比賽時，有“加油”助威之意，相當於“Run quickly! ”在不同的場合，它還可譯爲“快呀! 來呀! ”等不同的意思。

Come on! Don't feel shy. 來吧! 別害羞!

4. Class 3 were in front. 三班領先。

Class 3 were the winners. 三班是獲勝者。

Class 3 在這裏指“三班的學生”，動詞用複數形式。class和family都是集體名詞，有時作單數看待(強調整體)，謂語動詞用單數；當強調其中的各個成員時，應視其爲複數，謂語動詞用複數。如：

Class 3 is a good class. 三班是個好班。

Her family are watching TV now. 她全家正在看電視。

5. At the end of the first lap, Li Lei quickly passed the stick on to Jim.

在第一圈的終點，李雷迅速把接力棒傳給了吉姆。

A. at the end of… 在……的末尾，在……的終點，在……結束時可接表時間和地點的名詞。

at the end of the street. 在街道的盡頭。

at the end of March. 在三月底。

B. pass…on to sb “把……傳遞給某人” on是副詞，表示“繼續”，強調動作發生的連續性，與名詞連用時，放在名詞前或後均可；如與代詞連用，只能放在代詞後。

I passed the book on to Kate. 或I passed on the book to Kate.

I passed it on to Kate. 不能說 I passed on it to Kate.

6. He began to catch up with Jim. 他開始趕上吉姆了。

A. begin start to do sth. 開始做某事。如I begin to do my homework after school.

B. catch up with…趕上，追上…… 相當於“keep up with…”其反義詞組爲“fall behind(落後)”。如強調追上“誰”或“什麼”，可以去掉介詞“with”。如：

She is working hard to catch up with her classmates.

她正努力學習以趕上她的同學。

7. A moment later, the class 4 runner fell and hurt his leg, but he quickly got up and went on running. 過了一會兒，四班的運動員摔倒了，傷着了腿，但他迅速爬起來繼續跑。

①the Class 4 runner=the runner from Class 4 (四班的運動員)

②a moment later=after a moment 過了一會兒(常用於過去時態)

③go on doing sth. 繼續做某事(接着原來的事做)，等於go on with sth.

go on to do sth. 接着去做另外一件事。

8. Jiang Honglin was catching up fast too, but not fast enough.

江宏林也趕得很快，但還是不夠快。

enough修飾形容詞或副詞時，放在被修飾的詞後；它修飾名詞時，一般放在被修飾的名詞前。如：

I didn't get there early enough to catch the train. 我去得不夠早，沒有趕上火車。

There is enough food for 20 people. 有足夠20人吃的食物。

9. She did rather badly. 她做得相當糟。

rather意爲“相當”，表示程度。quite, rather, very三個詞在程度上逐漸加強。

典型例題

【課本難題解答】

1. Mike writes than Kate does. (carefully)

析：由句子結構分析應該用比較級，用音節詞carefully的比較級是在其前加more，所以答案爲：more carefully。

2. My friend Tom swim of all the boys. (fast)

析：由of all the boys的提示知用最進階，這裏表示遊得最快，故用fastest。(副詞最進階前的定冠詞the可省略)

3. Wan Ming is boy in his class. (tall)

析：由in his class 提示應用最進階，故應填the tallest。

4. The Yellow River is the second river in our country.

析：序數詞修飾最進階，表示“第幾大(長，寬)…”等的意思，故答案爲longest。

5. Mary did than any other girl in the sports meeting. (badly)

析：此題考查badly的比較等級的不規則形式，應填worse，此題也易出同義句轉換，即Mary did of all the girls in the sports meeting. (worst)

【閱讀分析點撥】

Jim likes playing football. And he also likes watching football matches. As he hasn't enough money to buy the tickets, he has to watch them on TV at home if he's free. But to his regret he always goes to school from Monday to Friday and misses a lot of important matches.

One afternoon there would be the biggest football match of the year in America, Jim wanted to watch it on TV very much, but he couldn't. They would have a physics test the next morning and he had to prepare it.

“Can we have a video(錄像機)，Mum? ”Jim asked before he went to school. “Then you'll record(錄)the football matches for me. ”

“I'm afraid we can't buy one, ”sighed(嘆氣)his mother.

But next afternoon in came Jim, with a new video in his arms.

“How on earth did you pay for that, Jim? ”the woman asked in surprise.

“That's easy, Mum. ”answered the boy. “I've sold our TV set! ”

( )1. Jim is a .

A. school girl B. school boy

C. player D. college student

( )2. Jim often misses a lot of important football matches because .

A. he hasn't enough money to watch them

B. he has to go to school

C. he is busy with his lessons

D. his parents don't let him watch them

( )3. As , Jim couldn't watch the biggest football match that afternoon.

A. he didn't get any tickets

B. something was wrong with the TV set

C. he had to go over physics

D. there would be a physics test

( )4. Jim's mother sighed because .

A. they had no money to buy a video

B. she had to time to record the match

C. she didn't know how to record the match

D. she couldn't borrow a video

( )5. In fact, .

A. a video is more useful than TV set

B. only a video can record all the programmes

C. it's impossible to record any programmes

D. a video can work only with the help of a TV set

本單元的有關運動會的閱讀材料，含有許多固定的詞組，閱讀時注意正確理解詞意，要與平時自己參加運動會的情景聯繫起來。

第1題選D，從第一段的有關敘述可得出來。第2題選B，從第一段的第四句中可得。第3題選C，“They would have a physics test…prepare it”。第4題選A。第5題選D。

【有關"Unit 22 The sports meeting" 的教學設計】

教學設計1. The Sports Meeting

學習目標：

詞語

fast, badly, still, enough, hold a (sports) meeting, come on, pass on, catch up (with), at the same time, a moment later, fall behind, right now

句型及日常交際用語

1．Who was first/second/third/…?

2．Which sport are you in?

3．Who won?/Who won the girls' 400 metres?

4．It was nothing, really.

5．It was difficult to do sth..

6．go on doing sth…

7．do well in…

8．學習“祝賀”的日常交際用語。

語法

1．學習副詞的比較等級

2．複習一般過去時

教案內容：

內容1：教學重點與難點

教學設計2. The sports meeting

教案內容：

內容1：教學過程

課後練習1：課後練習

1.選擇填空

1）Lucy won race in the school sports meeting.

A.400 metres of girls girl’s 400 metre

girls 400-metres girs’ 400-metre

【答案】D

【分析】該句意思是“Lucy在校運動會女子四百米中獲勝。”用數詞+名詞，中間連字元

連接，名詞不使用複數，通常構成形容詞用作定語，類似結構有數詞+名詞+形容詞，如：a ten-year-old 一個十歲男孩。也可不用連字元號（-），但名詞要變複數，這種結構修飾形容詞做程度狀語，如：The river is 50 metres wide.這條河50米寬。因此“400米比賽”有兩種表示法，即the 400-metre race和the 400metres race。另外，名詞所有格通常用於有生命：名詞後加“’s”或“’”。故此題應該選擇D。

2)The house isn’t for the whole family to live .

gh big,/ B. big enough,/

C. large enough, in D. enough large, by

【答案】C

【分析】該句意思是“這房子對全家人住在裏面來說不夠大。”當enough修飾形容詞和副詞時，一般放在被修飾詞之後。例如：you didn’t write carefully enough.你寫得不夠細心。The rope is not long enough. It can’t reach the wall.這條繩子不夠長，夠不到牆那裏。該句主語house從邏輯上分析是live的賓語。但live是不及物動詞，因此in不能省略。故此題應選C。

3)The bell didn’t wake him .

A. went on to sleep B. went on sleeping

C. goes on sleep D. went on sleep

【答案】B

【分析】首先,透過第一句一般過去時判斷出第二句的時態也應是一般過去時。go on doing“繼續做某事”，即做原來在做的那件事。該句意思是“鈴聲沒有喚醒他，他繼續睡覺（他原來就在睡覺）”。又如：

When he was in hospital, he went on writing his paper.

當他住院時，他繼續在寫他的論文。

關於go on 詳解請參看【指點迷津】。

4)The girls Class Three ran fast on the first lap .

A. in B. of C. from D. off

【答案】C

【分析】介詞from表示某人來自某處,可能是作爲代表來的,不用of ,故選C。

5)Who did you pass the stick at the end of the second lap？

A. on B. on to C. at D.不填

【答案】B

【分析】pass…on to sb.表示“把……傳遞給……”，疑問詞who在句中作介詞to的賓

語，不能丟掉。該句疑問詞還可以用whom，即Whom did you pass the stick on to at the end of the second lap?故選B。

6)Zhang Jun was first the high jumped one metre and sixty-seven.

…over B. in…up C. on…over D. at…on

【答案】A

【分析】be in ,表示“參加……項目”；jump over“表示跳過……高度”。故此題選A。

2.句子改寫

1）Wang Lin runs fastest in our class.

Wang Lin runs than students in our class.

【答案】faster, the other

【分析】該句是:“王林在我們跑得最快。” 用最進階形式表達的，還可以用比較級來表示。用比較級表達最進階形式共爲十種，詳解參看【指點迷津】。根據所給條件，將符合題意的是第8種。

2）Who won the first

Who in the race?

【答案】was the first?

【分析】在比賽中獲勝的或者失利的標誌就是名次。因此,本題可以用序數詞來完成.

再如:Li Lei runs fastest in the class.

Li Lei than student in the class. (Key: faster, any other)

3）Wu Peng can’t catch up with the others.

Wu Peng the others.

【答案】fulls behind

【分析】該句意思是“吳朋不能趕上其他人。”從句意上可以找出一個短語“fall behind”與原句意思相當。譯爲“落後於……，落在……的後面”。同時，主語爲單數第三人稱，因此加“s”。

課後練習1：課後練習

1. Shanghai is the of all the cities in China.

A. large B. larger C. largest D. much larger

2. When summer comes, the days get and . (hot)

A. hot, hot B. hotter, hotter C. hottest, hottest

3. Li Wei jumped farthest the three, and I'm sure he can jump farthest the school.

A. of, in B. in, of C. in, in D. of, of

4. How deep is the hole?

It's .

A. four metre deep B. four metres deep

C. four-metre deep D. four-metres-deep

5. Li Ming was too tired. So he rest.

A. stops to have a B. stopped to have a

C. stopped have a D. stopped have a

6. He wasn't with the knife. He cut himself.

A. careful enough B. enough careful

C. carefully enough D. enough carefully

7. Which sport does he take part in?

Which sport he ?

8. Lin Tao runs faster than the other two boys.

Lin Tao runs the boys.

9. My teacher stopped and had a talk with my father.

My teacher stopped a talk with my father.

10. He was first past the finishing line.

He was the first the finishing line.

課後練習1：課後練習答案

1-6：C B A B B A

7. is, in 8. fastest of all, there 9. to have 10. to pass