高一英語學案Units 21-22 (B1)(人教版高一英語教案教學設計)

【知識網絡】

一、重點詞彙與短語

1．manage 的用法小結：

（1）經常用作及物動詞，意思是“管理；處理； 支配”。常接名詞作賓語。

例如：

He managed the supermarket when the owner was away.

當主人不在的時候，他管理這個超級市場。

She doesn’t know how to manage her children.

她不知道如何管理自己的孩子。

（2）表示“能應付，設法做成某件事”時，常用“manage to do sth.”結構，而且常用一般過去時態。

例如：

The pilot managed to circle the balloon for some time.

這位飛行員設法繞氣球飛了一陣。

At first, no ready technical data were available, but we managed to go without.

起初,我們沒有現成的技術資料,但也設法照樣幹下去了。

He managed to avoid an accident. 他設法避免了一場事故。

（3）manage to do sth. 與try to do sth.的區別：前者強調設法完成了某件事情，表示結果等於詞組“succeed in doing sth.”；而後者強調盡力去做某件事情，表示動作;相當於“do one’s best to do sth”。

例如：

We managed to get there on time.

我們設法按時到達了那裏。（結果是按時到達了。）

We tried to get there on time.

我們盡力想按時到達那裏。（不知是否成功。）

2． ahead的用法小結：

（1）作爲副詞使用，ahead表示“在前；向前；提前”的意思。

例如：

Walk straight ahead until you reach the river. 一直朝前走到河邊。

The road ahead was full of cattle. 前面的路上擠滿了牛羣。

（2）“ahead of”的意思是“在…之前，超過”。

例如：

Our company is ahead of other makers of spare parts for the airplane.

我們公司製造飛機零部件比別家的業績好。

He is ahead of his times in his ideas. 他的思想走在時代的前列。

（3）get ahead表示“前進，成功，發跡”。

例如：

He got ahead in his study.

他在學習方面成功了。

（4）go ahead表示“前進，幹吧，用吧”。

例如：

--May I borrow your bike?

--Yes, go ahead.

二、詞義辨析

1．match, suit與fit的區別：這三個詞都有“適合、匹配”的意思。

（1）match多指大小、色調、形狀、性質等方面的搭配。

例如：

They are equally matched in their knowledge of Chinese.

他們在中文的造詣上相等。

This hotel can't be matched for friendliness.（引申意義）

這家旅館良好的服務態度是無與倫比的。

（2）suit多指合乎需要、口味、性格、條件、地位等。

例如：

That'll suit me fine. 那對我太合適了。

No dish suits all tastes. 衆口難調。

（3）fit多指尺寸、形狀合適，引申爲“吻合、協調”。

例如：

Her new coat didn't fit, so she took them back to the shop and changed them for another one.

"她那件上衣不合穿,所以她去商店換了一件。"

Your trousers fit well. 你的褲子很合身。

The shoes don't fit him, they are too small.

這雙鞋子他穿不合腳，太小了。

2．unlike與dislike、like的區別：

（1）unlike可以作介詞和形容詞，意思是“不相似的、不同的”。

例如：

She is unlike her mother; she is tall and her mother is very short.

她不像她媽媽；她很高，而她媽媽很矮。

They gave unlike accounts of the incident.

他們對這件事情的描述各不相同。

（2）dislike可以用作動詞和名詞，但不能用作介詞，是“不喜愛、厭惡”的意思。

例如：

Some people dislike big cities.　（作動詞）

有些人不喜歡大城市。

She strongly disliked being spoken to like that.　　（作動詞）

她很不喜歡別人對她這樣說話。

I felt a strong dislike of the new teacher.　　（作名詞）

我感到很不喜歡這個新教員。

（3）dislike與like不同。後接動詞時，dislike習慣上只接動詞-ing形式，不能接動詞不定式，特別在英國英語中更是如此。

例如：

I dislike having to get up so early.

我不喜歡那麼早起牀。

三、重點句型

1．There are also differences as to how often we touch each other, how close we stand to someone we are talking to, and how we act when we meet and part.

注意此句中how引導的幾個並列結構；另外，名詞difference的複數形式表示具體的不同點，如果difference表示“不同”這個概念，則是不可數名詞，無複數形式。

2．And if we are feeling down or lonely, there is nothing better than to see the smiling face of a good friend.

“There is nothing better than to do…”此處表示“沒有比…更好的了”。

例如：

There is nothing better than to sit in a pub drinking.

沒有比坐在酒吧裏喝酒更好的事了。

3．Words a are important, but the way a person stands, folds his or her arms, or moves his or her hands can also give us information about his or her feelings.

此句中用了幾個並列的謂語動詞，要注意英語並列成分的規則：除了最後一個並列成分之前用一個並列連詞以外，前面的並列成分都可以用逗號隔開。

再如：

While they were walking, they were talking, laughing and playing games. （並列的-ing形式）

Note: 要注意並列的成分的前後一致性，這是單項填空的常考題型。

四、語法複習

(一) 動詞的-ng形式作主語、賓語和表語：

1）動詞的-ing形式作主語時，常表示概括性的或者一般性的行爲。例如：

Fighting broke out between the South and the North. 南方與北方開戰了。

Losing her new bicycle made her so upset.

她的新自行車丟了，搞得她心煩意亂。

2）動詞的-ing形式作賓語時，既可以作動詞的賓語，又可以作介詞的賓語。 某些動詞或者動詞短語後常接動詞-ing形式作賓語。

例如：

Would you mind turning on your radio, please? I want to hear the hour’s news.

請你開啟收音機好嗎？我想聽聽本時的新聞。

The sparrow was so lucky that it just missed being caught.

那隻麻雀真幸運，它剛好沒有被射中。

3）動詞的-ing形式可以作表語，表示“什麼事是某事”。

例如：

Her job is washing，cleaning and taking care of the children.

她的工作是洗衣服、打掃衛生和看小孩。

Seeing is believing. 眼見爲實。

（二）動詞的-ing形式作狀語：

動詞的-ing形式作狀語時，其邏輯主語一定是句子的主語，動詞的-ing形式可以表示時間、條件、原因、方式或者伴隨等情況，v-ing與句子的主語構成主動關係。

例如：

As I didn't receive any letter from him, I gave him a call.

Not receiving any letter from him, I gave him a call.

由於沒有收到他的信，我給他打了電話。

If more attention was given to them, the trees could have grown better.

如果多多護理的話，這些樹本來能夠長得更好的。

Given more attention，the trees could have grown better.

假如多給些照顧，那些樹會長得更好。

Many people come to the theme parks, looking for thrills and entertainment.

許多人來到主題公園尋求刺激和娛樂。

（三）動詞的-ing形式作定語：

單個動詞-ing形式作定語，常位於被修飾的詞前；-ing形式短語作定語，常放在被修飾的詞後。

例如：

We can see the rising sun. 我們可以看到從東方升起的太陽

He is a retired worker.　 他是位退休的工人

There was a girl sitting there.　有個女孩坐在那裏。

This is the question given.　　 這是所給的問題（個別分詞如given, left等，儘管是單個的，但常放在被修飾的詞後面）

There is nothing interesting.　 沒有有趣的東西（修飾不定代詞的詞，常放在被修飾的詞後）

（四）動詞的-ing形式作賓語補足語：

-ing形式作賓語補足語時，通常在感官動詞和使役動詞之後，表示一個主動的動作正在進行。值得注意的是：過去分詞也可以作賓語補足語，但它們一般表示被動和完成。

例如：

The missing boys were last seen playing near the river.

那些孩子在失蹤之前，人們曾經看見他們在河邊玩耍。

He found his radio missing.　他發現他的收音機不見了。

I'll have my watch repaired.　我想把我的手錶修一下。

【考點透視 考例精析】

[考點] 考查while表示“儘管…但是…”的意思。

[考例1] _________ model business is by no means easy to get into, the good model will always be in demand.

A．While B．Since C．As D．f

[解析] Ａ本題的題意爲“儘管模特行業根本不容易進入， 但好模特總是緊缺”。此處只有while可以表達這個意思。

[拓展] while除引導時間狀語從句以外，還可以引導表示轉折、對比的句子。

例如：

I am a worker, while he is a student. 我是個工人，而他是個學生。（while引導句子錶轉折）

While I have many visitors every day, the one I have been expecting hasn’t appeared yet. 儘管我每天都有很多來訪者，我一直盼望的人至今還沒有出現。 （while表示“儘管”的意思。）

[考點] 考查非謂語動詞在具體語境中的理解。

[考例2] _________ such heavy pollution already, it may now be too late to clean up the river.

A．Having suffered B．Suffering C．To suffer D．Suffer

[解析] Ａ非謂語動詞在不同語境中，時態、含義都有不同。本句的含義爲“河流已經遭受如此嚴重的污染，現在清理也許太遲了。”謂語動詞的動作發生在having suffered之後，所以用的是動詞-ing形式的完成式。

【基礎演練】

一、根據所給首字母或括號中的漢語意思填寫句子空格中所缺的單詞。

1．It was extremely dangerous, but he m___________ to avoid the accident.

2．The idea of working for state-owned enterprises has little a_________ to young people nowadays.

3．You should have come to the party last night. What p_________ you from joining us?

4．You didn't really see it - it was just your i__________.

5．Let's d_________ ourselves into several groups.

6．Don’t say nonsense! I want a _________(具體的) answer.

7．The nation wants peace; only a _________(少數) want the war to continue.

8． ________(教育) is given to children by the government.

9．Can you tell me for what the church will use the money it gets from__________(收集，募捐)?

10．He held the boy _________(牢固地) in his arms and cried.

二、單項填空：

1．China Daily is _______ a newspaper, it can also help us to improve our English.

A．less than B．more than C．not more than D．no more than

2．__________ is very important.

A． Solve the problem B．How to solve the problem

C．How to be solved the problem D．What to deal with the problem

3．He didn’t move _________ the music went on, but got up _______ it ended.

A．when, while B．while, when C．while, while D．when, when

4．The athletes stood, _________ their national flag ____________.

A．seeing, raising B．watching, raising

C．looked at, rising D．seeing, rising

5．Jack spent as much time as he __________ over his lessons.

A. could going B. went C. could go D. would going

6．I meant ___________ you, but I was too busy.

A．to have called at B．calling on C．to call on D．to have called on

7. I am often told that too much work and too little rest often _______ illness.

A. leads to B. leads on C. leads into D. leads off

8．Every summer is the summit period(高峯期) during which university students ________ jobs, and the talents-exchange(人才交流) market will accordingly prosper(繁榮).

A. find B. hunt C. look for D. hunt for

9．Some passengers told the reporters about their ___________ in the burning train.

A. details B. trips C. events D. experiences

10．China’s genetic engineering(基因工程) industry __________ in the late 1980s, two decades after some other countries.

A. set off B. set in C. set to D. set back

【能力拓展】

完形填空：

I would like to suggest that for sixty to ninety minutes each evening all television broadcasting in the United states be forbidden by law.

Let us take a 1 , reasonable look at what the results might be if such a(an) 2 were accepted: families might use the time for a real family hour. Without the distraction of TV, they might 3 together after dinner and actually talk to one another. It is well known that many of our 4 --everything in fact, from the generation gap to the high divorce rate to some forms of 5 illness-are caused at least in part by 6 to communicate. By using the quiet family hour to 7 our problems, we might get to know each other better, and to like each other better.

On evening when such talk is 8 , families could discover more active pastimes(消遣，娛樂). Freed from TV, forced to find their own activities, they might take a 9 together to watch the sunset 10 they might take a walk together. 11 free time and no TV, children and adults might discover reading. There is more entertainment in 12 than in a TV program. 13 report that the generation growing up with television can hardly write an English sentence, 14 at the college level. 15 is often learned from reading. A more literate new generation could be a product of the quiet hour.

A different 16 of reading might also be done as it was in the past: reading aloud. The quiet hour could become the story hour. When the 17 ends, the TV net works might be forced to 18 with better shows in order to get us back from our newly discovered activities.

At first glance, this idea seems radical(激進的). How will we spend the time then? The fact is: it has been only twenty-five years 19 television came to control American free time. Those of us thirty-five and older can 20 childhoods without television. It wasn’t that difficult.

1． A．valuable B．pleasant C．quick D．serious

2． A．advice B．suggestion C．opinion D．offer

3． A．get around B．stand still C．meet D．sit around

4． A．problems B． trouble C．affairs D．misfortune

5． A． physical B．common C．mental D．familiar

6． A．attempt B．failure C．ability D．permission

7． A．discuss B．talk C．make sure D．see to

8． A．impossible B． unnecessary C．funny D．unpleasant

9． A．walk B． look C．ride D．rest

10． A．and B． or C．but D．while

11． A．At B． In C．For D．With

12． A．a fine poem B．a good book C．a quiet hour D．a composition

13． A．Professors B． Scientists C． Parents D．Educators

14． A．yet B．still C．even D．just

15． A．Writing B．Skill C．Speaking D．Listening

16． A．form B． kind C．method D．step

17． A．reading B．quiet hour C．activity D．program

18． A． come across B. come about C．come up D．broadcast

19． A．before B．since C．until D．after

20． A．remind B． remember C．recognize D．know

參考答案

高一部分

Units 21-22 (B1)

基礎演練

一、1．managed 2．attraction 3．prevented 4．imagination 5．divide 6．specific

7．minority 8．Education 9．collections 10．firmly

二、1-5 BBBDA 6-10 DADDA

能力拓展

1-5 DBDAC 6-10 BABCB 11-15 DBDCA 16-20 ABCBB

1．D 作者在第一段提出了自己的建議。下面解釋自己的理由。首先作者建議用認真理性的態度考慮這個建議被接受後的結果。根據reasonable的含義也可判斷出。

2．B 從空白前的不定冠詞可以排除advice。從文章第一句作者就表明自己要提出建議，因此選suggestion。

3．D 吃過飯，全家人坐在餐桌旁交流。

4．A 由many可以推斷出該空應該填入可數名詞，首先排除trouble，該空後的破折號是對空白處詞的解釋。

5．C 家庭缺少交流、理解而引起的往往是精神疾病。

6．B 根據上下文可以判斷出答案。

7．A “discuss our problem”。家人坐在一起討論問題，增進了解。

8．B 晚上家人聚會還可以找到新的消遣形式。

9．C 由下面的they might take a walk together可以排除A項。爲了看日出，開車到某個地方是很可能的。

10．B 此題用or表示選擇。

11．D with free time and no TV表示原因。

12．B 此題與前句是順承關係。

13．D educator“教育者”。

14．C 教育者的研究顯示：看電視長大的這一代人幾乎不會寫一個英語句子，甚至上了大學的人也不行。Even表示強調。

15．A 學生看電視過多，因此不會寫句子。

16．A 朗讀是讀書的一種形式。

17．B 閱讀的那種安靜時間可以變成講故事的時間，這時，電視網絡系統就必須提供更好的節目以把人們再吸引回來。

18．C come up with “提出、提供”，不能用被動語態； come across：“偶遇”； come about：“發生，產生”； broadcast“廣播，播放”，不與with連用。

19．B 主句用的是現在完成時，可以判斷出該用since。

20．B 35歲及其以上的人還應該能記得沒有電視的童年。