高一英語Unit4 grammar

浙江省溫州市

T: first let’s do a small word puzzle, Find out ten words that describe the flood and fighting against the flood in the puzzle. One of them has been found out.

Strike, drag, flow, swallow, shake, seize, advance, pull, destroy, struggle.

Do the exercise on page 26.

Just now, we did a word puzzle, the word strike which is in red had been found out before.

Please pay attention, what I just said is a attributive clause. In today’s grammar we will learn attributive clause.

當關系代詞的先行詞爲人稱名詞時(talking about people)

1.先行詞爲含最進階形容詞，序數詞或順序詞以及only和very的人稱名詞時；爲someone等人稱合成不定代詞以及爲或含all,any等時，一般用that,但也可用who(m):

e.g:1) You are the very people that/who I want to talk to.

2) I need someone that/who can do the work quickly.

2.若先行詞爲指示代詞that或those,關係代詞用who,不用that;先行詞疑問代詞who/which,關係代詞用that,不用who,以避免重複。

e.g:1)Those of us who smoke should have our lungs X-rayed regularly.

2)Who that you have heard of defines man as a rational animal?

3.在非限制關係分句中，關係代詞在分句中無論做主語還是做賓語都不能省略，一般都不能用that,做主語只能用who,做賓語可用whom又可用who,前者爲正式語體，後者爲非正式語題：

e.g:1)Bill, whom/who we saw at the dance, wants to go out with me.

2)Bill, who likes dancing, wants to go out with me.

當關系代詞的先行詞爲人稱名詞時(talking about people)

1.關係代詞在關係分句中作動詞賓語或介詞補足成分時，既可用whom又可用who,但當介詞位於關係代詞前時，只能用who:

e.g:1)There is a woman over there whom/who I can’t help noticing.(賓)

2)The hotel manager, to whom I complained about the service,refunded part of our bill.(介詞補足)

2.關係代詞在關係分句中作主語時，只能用who.

e.g:The girl who likes listening to music is very beautiful.(主)

T: Of all his teleplays, I especially like one. In my opinion, Gu tianle is even more handsome in it. It is about a modern man goes back to the Qin Dynasty. What’s its name?

S: Xun Qin Ji.

T: Quite right, so Xun Qin Ji is a teleplay which/ that is about a modern man goes back to the Qin Dynasty. Xun Qin Ji is a teleplay, so when we talk about a thing, we should use the relative pronouns which/that, now, let’s look at the usages of these two relative pronouns.

當關系代詞的先行詞爲非人稱名詞時(talking about things)

1.做主語或賓語的關係代詞一般都可用that 又可用which,但在介詞後面只能用which：

e.g:1）This is the photo which/that shows my house.

2) The doctor suggested that the illness from which the patient wassuffering had probably been contracted in the tropics.

2.當先行詞爲含最進階形容詞，序數詞，順序詞以及only,very ,no,all,much,little,a few,none,any 等的非人稱名詞時，其後的關係代詞只能用that,不能用which:

e.g: This is the funniest film that has ever come from Ealing studios.

3.當先行詞爲all,much,little ,none, any, a few等非人稱不定代詞時，一般用關係代詞that,幾乎不用which:

e.g: All that remains can be divided between you.

4.在非限制性關係分句中，關係代詞在分句中無論做主語還是做賓語都只能用which,而且不能省略：

e.g: He blamed me for everything,which I thought very unfair.

T: Ok, let’s come back to the teleplay. Who can tell me how many wives does Gu Tianle have?

S: Three…..

T: which one do you like best? Why?

S: Qin Qing, because she is beautiful.

T: I like Wu Tingfang best, because I like the actress Xuanxuan very much, and Wu Tingfang here are very lovely. So in my opinion, Wu Tingfang whose husband is Xiangshaolong is very lovely.

3.關係限定詞whose在關係分句中起到限定名詞中心詞（可爲人也可爲物），即“whose + 名次中心詞”結構。

e.g:1)I called a travel agency whose telephone number I found in a newspaper.(物)

2)I know the girl whose hair is long.(人)

T: Do you agree with me?

S: No

T: Well, you can keep your opinion and make a sentence like I did just now.

S: I like Qin Qing who is beautiful best.

T: Good! Are you all clear about the usages of these relative pronouns?

S: Yes.

T: Ok, now let’s do exercises.

Step、3: Exercises.

T: Open your books and turn to page these quickly(After one minute, check all the answers.) I’d like you to answer them one by one. …..

Then turn to page exercise one(then check it)

Step4、Game

T: Quite good. Now let’s play a game. I’ll give a character of a cartoon play to each group. Each pair make a sentence to describle the character. Of course, if you want to make two or even more sentences, it’s also ok. Then recommend a representative to report all your group members answers. And the rest of the class to guess who he/she is. You can make the sentences according to the looks, likes,and so on. Just remember one point: to use the Attributive clause in every sentence. I will give you an example: she is a student whose classmates are kind, she is also a teacher whose students are lovely. She is a girl who wears brown jacket today. Who is she?

S: Miss Zhu.

T: Yes, quite right. Now, you can make your sentences just like these. Let’s start!

(After discussing, let one student to read the sentences, the rest of them to guess the person. The characters are 1)羅納爾多 2）章子怡 3）櫻木花道 4）薩達姆