博文谷

高二英語複習教案(10)(SB2-units19-20)

一、單元考點提示

1.重點單詞

demand forbid

achieve explode

former admit

minority slightly

declare hopefully

seize disability

attitude

2.重點短語

set an example treat sb. with

come up act as

give in end up

turn out look forward to

as though the way

3.重點句型

Haven’t you heard…? What happened?

Why was that? I imagine..

Hopefully tomorrow will turn out fine.

So far as I know, tomorrow should be fine,too.

You said that you hoped… Seldom does he go there.

4.語法

學習動詞-ing形式作定語和狀語的用法。

學習倒裝句的用法。

二、考點精析與拓展

in參與一項活動,join + 名詞加入某個團體組織

①Would yo join us(in) singing?

和我們一起唱歌吧!

②His brother joined the army a year ago.

他哥哥一年前參軍了。

Join還可表示“來(去)和某人呆在一起,把……連在一起”

③I will join you in a few minutes.我一會就過來。

④Please join the two ends of the rope together.把繩子兩頭接起來。

2.把某人關入監獄,throw(cast, put)(to)prison,還可以說成take prison.

區別:in prison與in the prison前者表示“坐牢、服法、服刑”;後者表示“在一所監獄”,有可能是在看望囚犯,也可能是監管人員。

Tom’s brother was put(thrown、cast)into prison because of murderer,and he will be in prison for thirty years.

湯姆的哥哥因犯謀殺罪而被關進監獄,他將在監獄服刑三十年。

nd

①當可數名詞“要求”用

We refused his unreasonable demands.我們拒絕了他的無理要求。

②當不可數名詞用

There is a great demand for typists but(a)poor demand for clerks.打字員很搶手但是辦公室職員幾乎沒人需要。

③當動詞用:demand+名詞、代詞、從句或to do sth.如:

They demanded the right to do things they like.

他們要求有做自己喜歡做的事情的權力。

The lady demanded to see our headmaster.

那個女士要求見校長。

He demanded that we (should)try to finish our work on time.

他要求我們按時完工。

賓語從句用虛擬語氣形式,主+should+動原……

④demand問

“How old are you?”he demanded.

他問我“你多大啦?”

id(forbade, forbidden)

①forbid do sth.如:

My mother forbids me to keep in touch with that boy.我媽不讓我與那個男孩交往。

②forbid(one’s)doing sth.如:

The law strictly forbids individual’s running business in some fields.法律嚴禁私人從事某些經營活動。

③常用被動形式

Smoking is forbidden here.這兒不許抽菸。

④表示“使……不可能,使……無法……”

The bad weather forbids a spring outing.壞天氣使我們無法春遊。

a right to do sth.有權做某事

right:①當名詞用,可有複數形式如:human rights人權;但是當方向(右邊)講時,不可數,turn to the right向右轉

②當形容詞:a.右面的、向右的、政治上右傾的;b.對的、正確的、合適、恰當、正當;c.對頭、沒事了。如:

He didn’t feel quite right.他感覺不太舒服。

Your advice is right你的建議是對的。

Which is the right answer?哪個答案正確?

③當副詞用,向右

Don’t forget to turn right when you meet a bookstore.看到那家書店別忘了向右轉。

The crowd divided right and left.

人羣走散了(各奔西東)。

構成的短語

①give away 送給人、分發、泄露、暴露

Let’s give away our dog.我們把狗送人吧。

②give back:送還、恢復(健康)

Living here has given me back my health.在這住使我恢復了健康。

③give in交進來,讓步、妥協、投降

The boy gave in the money he picked up.

那小孩把撿到的錢上交了。

In the end,they gave in.最終,他們屈服了。

④give off散發出

The gas gave off an unpleasant smell.那種氣體發出難聞的氣味。

⑤give out用完、耗盡、沒有了。

Money gave out.錢用完了。

⑥give up放棄、不再做、把……獻給……

My father has given up smoking.我爸“戒菸了。”

He has given up his life to teaching.

他一生都獻給了教育事業。

Don’t give up,try again.別泄氣,再試一次。

①形容詞,表狀態,“開着的”

Don’t keep the door open.

別讓門開着(即:請把門關上)。

②動詞:開啟門,經營、開辦③

Now,he opens a small factory of his own.

現在他自己辦了個廠。

Open the door, please!請開門!

③be open to對……開放

Many school libraries are open to children on Sundays.

不少學校的圖書館週日給孩子們開放。

from:不僅僅,遠不是(跟動名詞、形容詞、名詞或代詞)。如:

①Far being slow, they are actually fast enough.他們一點也不慢,相反非常迅速。

②It’s far from perpect.它還很不完美。

另外:由far引出的短語

①go far(物)經用、時間

This food can’t go far.這些東西不夠吃。

②so far:到目前爲止、到…程度(地步)

I can only tell you so far.我只能給你說到這一步。

③as far as就……而言、從……來看、盡……所能、只要……、一直查到某地

As far as I know, he will not come.據我所知,他不會來啦。

You should stick to your opinion as far as it is reasonable.只要你有理,就應該堅持。

We walked as far as the church.

我們一直走到教堂跟前。

rate…from…把……分離、分開

Nobody can separate Taiwan from China.

任何人也不能把臺灣從中國分裂出去。

separate(adj.)獨自的、獨立的、分別爲不同的、各自的

I want to listen to your separate opinions.

我想聽你們每個人自己的看法。

(可以的,有能力的,可能的)

①He is an able man.那人本事不小。

enable(v)使……能

②We must learn more to enable us to face all the difficulties.我們要多學知識以便能面對各種困難。

disable:有殘疾的,不能幹的;the disabled表示一類人(殘疾人)

作詞輟時

①可以……的,值得……的(有被動含義)

eatable可食用的,measurable可以測量、估計的;readable可讀的

②其他含義:conformable舒適的、安逸的;suitable 合適的,恰當的

out 結果是……、變成……

記下列turn構成的短語

turn against 反戈一擊、反對……,對……不滿

turn back打退堂鼓,返回

turn down拒絕;把……(音量等)放低,開小

turn in上交某物,交回

turn into變爲

turn off關上(收音機、龍頭等);離開(公路等);對……失去興趣,反感

turn on開(收音機等),使……感興趣;吸引;向……進攻;責怪

turn out結果是、最後情況是……,關(電燈、煤氣等),生產、造就

turn over移交,隨便翻閱

turn to sb.尋救幫助;查閱資料;努力於、加勁幹

turn up來赴(宴、開會),出現;把(音量)放大;使作嘔。如:

①There was no body that I could turn to.

當時沒有一個人能幫助我。

②Please turn off the TV set. It’s wasting power.

把電視關了吧,太費電啦。

③Things turned out to be smoothly developing.

事情結果正常發展。

④Our suggestions were turned down at the meeting.

會議沒有采納我們的建議。

turn當名詞用時,意爲“輪到某人幹……,轉折;傾向;作風”等意思。如:

She went hot and cold by turns.

她一陣熱,一陣冷。

by turns輪流;一陣……,一陣……;out of turn不該誰……幹,不合時宜。do sb.a good(bad)turn 幫了某人的忙(倒忙)

m vi.做夢

Do you dream at night?你晚上做夢嗎?

dream of……多用於否定句中,“做夢也沒想到,從未想到過”

I never dream of getting so much money.

我從未幻想過得到這麼多錢。

Dream+從句

We never dreamed that the film was so long.

我們怎麼也沒想到這部電影這麼長。

dream of迫切希望、渴望。

People all over the world are dreaming of peace.

全世界人民都渴望和平。

dreamy(adj.)模糊的,夢幻般的

I don’t believe your dreamy words.我不信你的夢語。

true成爲現實、實現

表示變化過程的系動詞有:become,get,turn,而be表狀態

區別:①He became(get,turned)angry when hearing the news.聽到那消息他生氣了。(從不……到生氣)

②He was angry, because he heard some bad news.

他生氣是因爲聽到不好的消息。

only…but also

①連續兩個並列主語時,謂語和but also後的一致(即就近原則)

②Not only…but also…構成一倒裝句式(強調狀語或謂語時用;強調主語時不用倒裝)。

①Not only you but also he likes playing football.

不光你,他也喜歡踢足球。

②Not only can he sing, but also he can dance well.

他不僅能唱歌,舞也跳的不錯。

(注意,第一句倒裝,第二句不用倒裝形式)

ider的用法:①You should consider the question.

你應該考慮這個問題。

②跟從句

He began to consider when he would get married

他開始考慮什麼時侯結婚的事情。

③跟疑問詞 + to do sth.

He is considering how to get there in time.

他正想怎麼能及時趕到那兒。

④跟動名詞

Who considers answering the question?

誰正在考慮回答這個問題?

⑤爲……着想

He always considers others before himself

他常先爲別人着想。

⑥名詞爲:consideration(不可數)

take sth. into consideration把……考慮在內

If you want to go on holidays in Beijing,you should take the cost into consideration.

如果想到北京去度假,你應該考慮費用問題。

a matter of fact=in fact事實上、實際上……

It seems easy,but as a matter of fact,it’ll take us a long time to work it out.

這道題貌似簡單,實際上要解出的話很費時間。

forward to sth.(doing sth.)渴望、企盼……

①They are looking forward to getting news of him.

他們渴望聽到有關他的消息。

②We should look forward,and don’t give up.

我們應該向前看(樂觀一些)不能放棄。

三、精典名題導解

題1 (上海 1998)

He made another wonderful discovery, ________ of great importance to science.

h I think is h I think it is

h I think it D.I think which is

分析:A。這是一個非限制性定語從句,make another wonderful discovery是動賓詞組,關係代詞which在定語從句中作主語,代表the discovery, I think 爲插入語。

題2 (NMET 2001)

As we joined the big crowd I got_______ from my friends.

rated ed ed

分析:A。該題考查過去分詞作表語的用法和習慣搭配。該句是一個含有as引導的時間狀語從句的主從複合句,強調從句動作與主句動作相併發生。主句中get和過去分詞連用構成被動語態,強調動作。四個選項都能和got連用構成系表結構,但只有separated和from相搭配,got separated意思是“和……分離開”。

題3 She looks forward every spring to_________the flower-lined garden.

t ng a visit in ing in

分析:D。look forward to sth./doing sth.因此首先排除掉A、C項。B項paying a visit後必須加to再加賓語。

題4 She is _____________to leave as soon as possible.

ied ous ied ous

分析:B。be anxious to do sth.“着急幹……,渴望……”。該題意思是“她急於儘快離開”。

題5 (NMET 2000春)

I finally got the job I dreamed about. Never in all my life__________ so happy!

分析:D。表示否定意義的副詞,如never, seldom, hardly, little, neither, nor等位於句首,句子要進行部分倒裝。

題6 (NMET 2001)

Selecting a mobile phone for personal use is no easy task because technology_________so rapidly.

changing changed

have changed change

分析:A。該題考查動詞時態。題幹爲一個含有原因狀語從句的主從複合句,主句陳述的情況是一客觀事實,原因狀語從句強調一直正在進行的動作。