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by和with的區別和用法

by和with的用法區別:

一、with 作爲介詞有很多中意思,而且主要用於主動句中,例如:

1、和…在一起,和,同

Gabriel came with her elder sister to the inauguration ceremony.加布裏埃爾和她姐姐一起參加了就職典禮。

He entered the classroom with the good news.他帶着這個好消息走進教室。

2、有,具有,帶有

She bought a white blouse with black stripes.她買了一件黑色條紋的白襯衫。

He looked at her with a hurt expression.

他帶着受傷害的神情看着她。

3、用,使用,以,借

Be careful with this knife when cutting onions.切洋蔥時小心這把刀。

Please fill this bowl with salt water before youleave.離開前請把這碗水加滿鹽水。

4、與…對立,反對

He often has fights with his siblings.他經常和他的兄弟姐妹吵架。

I had an argument with my boss.

我跟老闆吵了一架。

5、表明手段、原因或行動

The angry neighbour hit the barking dog with a stick.憤怒的.鄰居用棍子打那隻吠叫的狗。

He blushed with excitement after seeing her.他見到她後激動得臉紅。

二、by 作爲介詞也有很多意思,而且主要用於被動語句中,例如:

1、靠近,在…旁邊

Elizabeth was standing by the window when Darcy rushed tomeet her.伊麗莎白正站在窗前,達西衝過去迎接她。

She expected him to stand by her in all good and bad times.她希望他在一切好的和壞的時候都支援她。

2、表示方式

She learnt Hindi just by watching Bollywood films.她只是透過看寶萊塢電影來學習印地語。

The new flu can be prevented by drinking boiled water喝開水可以預防新流感。

解析:在表示方式時,by 後面常跟動詞,而 with 後面常跟名詞。

3、表示程度、數量

He missed the opportunity by few seconds.他差幾秒鐘就錯過了機會。

House prices went up by 10%.

房價上漲了10%。

在被動句中,by 是一個必要的介詞,它指示執行動作的動因。

三、兩者的區別

with 大體上描述被陪同或伴有的對象,而 by 大體上描述動因或行動手段,而且在從屬句中 with 後面經常跟名詞,而 by 後面經常跟動詞。

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