2007高考複習（一）人教版高一（上）語言點Unit13-15(人教版高一英語上冊教案教學設計)

Unit 13

1 fever n.發燒；熱度;狂熱；興奮

in a fever of excitement大爲興奮

be in a fever在發燒

send sb. into a fever of excitement使某人感到極度興奮

2 energy n.精力, 活力; [pl. ]幹勁, 勁頭, 力氣, 能力【物】能, 能量

be full of energy精力充沛, 精力旺盛

the sources of energy能源

an energy crisis能源危機

energy budget能源預算

force strength power energy都含“力”的意思。

force強調“力所產生的實際效果”, 如:

The law should remain in force.法律應當有效力。

strength 指“體力”、“力量”、“強度”, 如:

He is a man of great strength。他是 個大力士。

power 指“能力”、“權力”, 着重“行動所根據的能力或職權”, 如:

It's beyond my power.它超出了我的職權。

energy 原是物理學上的術語“能量”, 用於人時則指“精力”, 如:

He worked with great energy.他以巨大的精力工作。

3 choice n.挑選；選擇；抉擇

She had to make a choice between the two dresses.她得在兩件衣服中選擇一件。

She is the people's choice for Prime Minister.她是人民選出來的首相。

常用短語：a great choice of大量可供選擇的 (物品等)

at one's own choice隨意挑選, 自由選擇

for choice憑喜愛, 根據選擇

have no choice but[後跟動詞不定式]非...不可, 除...之外別無他法

make a choice選擇

without choice無選擇地, 不分好歹地

choose vt., e, chosen, choosing

挑選；選擇

Who did you choose as the new member of the construction committee?

你選誰當建設委員會的新委員?

She chose to study chemistry.她選擇了學化學。

choose three from [among, out of] these books從這些書中選三本書

C-me a good hoe.替我選一把好鋤頭。

決定；拿定主意；願意, 寧願 [後跟不定式]

He chose not to go home.他決定不回家了。

His uncle chose to settle in the countryside.他叔父決意在鄉下定居。

chose to fly rather than drive.決定乘飛機去而不是開車去

常用短語：as you choose隨你喜歡; 聽你的便

cannot choose but不得不,只好

4 fit adj.（與for連用）合適的，適宜的

a fit food for men對人合適的食物

This food is not fit for your visitors.這食物對你的客人來說不合適。

"After the interview, the employer concluded that she was fit for the job."

面試後老闆下結論說她能勝任這項工作。

健康的；結實的

Do you feel fit?你覺得身體好嗎？

He runs to keep fit.他跑步爲了保持健康。

vt., vi.-tt-合適；合身

Her new shoes didn't fit so she took them back to the shop and changed them for another pair.

"她那雙新鞋不合穿,所以她去商店換了一雙。"

Your clothes fit well.你的衣服很合身。

This coat's a beautiful fit to you.這件外衣對你非常合身。

安裝；裝備 fit。。。on。。。

to fit new locks on the doors給門裝上新鎖

使適合

Her height fitted her for basketball.她身材高適合打籃球。

辨析：match 多指大小,色調,形狀,性質方面的搭配

fit 多指大小,形狀合適

suit 多指合乎需要,口味,性格,條件,地位等

1)We must find carpets that’ll _________the curtains.

2)The new coat ________me well.

3) No one can ________her in knowledge of classical music.

4) He ________his speech to his audience

5 gain vt., vi.獲得，得到

He quickly gained experience.他很快就有經驗了。

Only after ten years in the country did she gain her citizenship.

她在這個國家住了十年後才取得了公民身份。

（常與in連用）獲益，增加

He gained weight after his illness.病後他的體重增加了。

6 painun.痛苦；悲痛

His bad behaviour caused his parents a great deal of pain.

他的不良行爲使他的父母感到非常痛苦。

cn痛；疼痛He had a pain in his head.他頭疼。

He has pains / a pain / pain in the shoulders.他兩肩痛疼。

cn苦惱；煩悶； 討厭的人；討厭的物；厭惡(只用單數)

She's a real pain.她真是一個令人討厭的人。

(pl) 辛苦；努力"No pains, no gains.; No gains without pains.(諺)"不勞則無獲。

We must give him sth. for his pains.我們必須給他點什麼以便酬報他的辛勞。

常用短語：give sb. a pain[美]令人討厭, 惹人生氣, 使人感到不舒服

No pains, no gains[諺]不勞無獲。

spare no pains不遺餘力, 不辭勞苦, 全力以赴

take pains費盡力氣, 煞費苦心, 盡力設法 with great pain煞費苦心地

7 bit n.小塊；少許

There's a little bit of time left.只剩一點兒時間了。

He dug the garden bit by bit.他一點一點地挖園子。

片刻Wait a bit!稍等片刻！

I was just going out for a bit when my uncle came.我正打算出去一會兒,可我舅舅來了。

習慣用語：a bit (of)

有點；稍微The modern opera was a bit of a disappointment; we expected it to be much better.

這部現代歌劇有點令人失望,比我們想象中的差得多。

I'm a little bit tired. Let's take a short rest.我有點累了。讓我們休息一會兒。

a bit (of) 一點兒也（不）I'm not a bit tired now.我現在一點兒也不累。

A: Sorry to have bothered you. B: Not a bit (of it).

甲:對不起,打擾你啦。乙:哪兒的話!

Really, David is not a bit like his brother as far as generosity is concerned.

的確,就慷慨大方這一點來說,大衛確實一點也不象他哥哥。

bit by bit一點一點地；逐漸地

8 advise

9 lie

10 base n.

底部, 基礎, 根據地, 基地, 本部, 基數, (運動)出發點

vt.以...作基礎, 基於...

adj.卑鄙的, 低級的，僞造的 a base coin僞造的硬幣

That company has offices all over the world, but their base is in Paris.

這個公司的辦事處遍佈全世界，但本部在巴黎。

d, basing（與on, upon連用）根據；基於

This news report is based entirely on fact.這篇新聞報導是完全根據實際情況寫成的。

11 probable adj.

（常與that連用）很可能的；可能發生的；或然的

A storm is probable today.今天可能會有暴風雨。

It is probable that he has forgotten our appointment.很可能他是忘了我們的約會了。

likely possible probable意思都含“可能的”。

likely 系常用詞, 指“從表面跡象來看很有可能”, 如:

a likely young man一個有希望的青年

She is not likely to come next month.她下月很可能不來。

possible 指“由於有適當的條件和方法, 某事可能發生或做到”, 強調“客觀上有可能”, 但常含有“實際希望很小”的意思, 如:

It is possible to go to the moon now.現在有可能登上月球。

probable 語氣比 possible 強, 指“有根據、合情理、值得相信的事物, 帶有‘大概’、‘很可能’”的意思, 如:

l don't think the story is probable.我覺得那故事不大可能。

12 similar adj.相像的，相似的；近似的

My new dress is similar to the one you have.我的新衣服和你的那件相似。

All big cities are quite similar.所有的大城市差不多大同小異。

13 respect n.

（與of, for連用）尊敬；尊重

to show respect to those who are older尊敬長者

The students have great respect for their history teacher.

學生們非常尊敬他們的歷史老師。

關心；注意to pay (have) respect to關心

(pl) 敬意；問候

Give my respects to your wife.請代我向你太太問好。

常用短語：in all respects無論從哪方面來看

in respect of關於；就…來說

pay one's respects拜訪

without respect to不管；不考慮

with respect to談到

give one's respects to向...致候

have respect for尊敬[重], 重視

have respect to牽 涉到, 關係到；注意到, 考慮到

out of respect for sb.出於對某人的尊敬

Unit 14

1 custom n.習俗；風俗;習慣

His custom was to get up early and have a cold bath.

他的習慣是早起，然後洗個冷水澡。

(pl)（用作sing.）關稅

(pl)（用作sing.）海關

At the airport; the customs officers searched his case.在機場，海關人員檢查了他的箱子。

Habit custom都含“習慣”的意思。

habit 指 “個人由於自然條件、社會環境、愛好或經常接觸而導致習以爲常的行爲或特性”, 如:Smoking is a bad habit.抽菸是種壞習慣。

Habit n.（常與of和動名詞連用）習慣；習性

to have habit of smoking during meals有吃飯時吸菸的習慣

It is not easy to break off a bad habit.要改掉一個壞習慣不容易。

custom 指“經過一段時期在某人、一國、一地區或一個社會中形成的傳統的習慣或風俗”, 如:In China the custom prevails in eating dumplings on New Year's Eve.

在中國, 除夕晚上吃餃子的風俗很盛行。

2 allow vt., vi.允許，准許

Smoking is not allowed here.此處不準吸菸。

Allow me to introduce Miss Mary.請允許我介紹一下瑪麗小姐。

The government servants aren't allowed to accept rewards.公務員不得接受酬謝。

給予；使得到

allowed him ￡1000 for expenses給他每年1000 英鎊的開銷

We must allow that he is a good teacher. (We must allow him to be a good teacher.)

我們應當承認他是位好老師。

allow for考慮；顧及

We must allow for his inexperience.我們必須考慮到他缺乏經驗。

It takes about two hours to get to their office building, allowing for possible traffic delays.

考慮到路上可能遇到的交通耽擱,到他們的辦公大樓大約要花費兩小時。

allow of容許; 許可

The situations allow of no excuse.形勢不容許拖延; 形勢刻不容緩。

allow of no excuse不容辯解

3 opinion n.意見；看法

He asked his father's opinion about his plans.他徵求爸爸對他的計劃的意見。

In my opinion, you're wrong.依我看，你錯了。

What's your opinion?你的看法如何?

常用短語：in one's opinion按某人的意見, 據某人看來

in the opinion of照...的意見

4 the common people老百姓 common knowledge常識

common characteristic共同特點 common beam標準天平； 標準

a common saying俗話

in common共同， 共同享有的， 共同使用的

in common with和…一樣

out of (the) common不尋常的， 特殊的

common ordinary general都含“普通的”意思。

common強調“常見的”、“ 不足爲奇的”， 如：Colds are common in winter.感冒在冬天很常見。ordinary強調“平常的”、“平淡無奇的”， 如：His ordinary supper consists of only bread and milk. 他通常的晚餐不過是麪包和牛奶。general意爲“普遍的”、“一般的”， 如：This book is intended for the general reader, not for the specialist. 這本書是爲一般讀者寫的， 不是爲專家寫的。normal指“正常的”、“正規的”、“常態的”,

如:the normal temperature of the human body 人的正常體溫

5 alive adj.活的，活着的

The fish we caught is still alive.我們捉的魚還活着。

In most cases, both parents were still alive and still married to each other.

大多數情況下,他們的父母都還活着,而且仍然保持着婚姻關係。

活躍的

Although old she is still very much alive.她雖已年邁，但仍很活躍。

仍然存在的；仍然進行着的

The argument was kept alive by the politicians.政治家們還在繼續爭論那件事

alive with充滿…的

The dead tree is alive with insects.這棵枯樹上爬滿了昆蟲。

Living alive live意思都含“活的”。

living 用於生物時, 指“活着的”, 如:

Shelly was still living when Keats died.濟慈死時, 雪萊還在世。

alive 指“活着的”、“在世的”, 着重於狀態, 它用作表語, 或放有名詞或代詞後作定語, 如:

The spy was caught alive though he died from wounds the next day.

特務被活捉, 不過第二天便因重傷而死。

live 只用於物, 指“活的”, 如:

a live rat一隻活鼠。

6 trick n.戲法；把戲；花樣

竅門； 訣竅to learn the tricks of the trade

圈套； 詭計He got the money from me by a trick.他用詭計騙走了我的錢。

惡作劇 The children played a trick on their teacher.孩子們捉弄了他們的老師。

vt.（常與into連用）欺騙；坑人

He tricked me into giving him the money.他哄騙我給了他錢。

（常與out of連用）騙走

play a trick on a sb.詐騙某人; 開某人玩笑

trick sb. into [out of]騙人去...[騙取 ...]

7 give away背棄, 出買;泄露(祕密), 暴露; 贈送, 分送; 頒發

give off發出，放出(蒸汽、氣味等)

give out分發;用完，用盡;精疲力竭; 公佈，宣佈；發表

Give the money out to the children.把錢分給孩子們。

Our food supply at last give out.我們的食物終於用完了。

His strength gave out.他已精疲力竭。

It was given out that he was dead.他的死訊已經公佈。

give over交給，交付，交出

We gave him over to the police.我們把他交給了警方。

give in屈服, 投降, 退讓(to);交[呈]上

give up放棄, 停[中]止;投降, 認輸, 泄氣

8 take in收留，收容（某人）；包括；囊括；包含；改短（衣服）；縮減尺寸；瞭解領悟；欺騙；矇騙You can also take in some of the notable architectural monuments.

你也可以將一些著名的紀念性建築包括在參觀的項目中。

to take in a doctrine瞭解一種主義

take after相似She takes after her mother.她長得像她媽媽。

take back撤銷；同意收回；同意回來

take for當作；誤認爲

We must not take it for granted that the board of the directors will approve of the investment plan.我們決不可想當然地認爲董事會一定會批准這個投資計劃的。

take off脫掉（衣服）

（飛機）起飛

The plane took off at three o'clock.飛機三點鐘起飛了。

take on僱用；聘用；開始顯現；變得有

Why don't you take on sb. your own size?你怎麼不跟和你一樣高的人較量？

Unit 15

1 missing adj.失去的, 不見了的, 下落不明的, 失蹤的, 錯過的

a couple of words missing缺的兩三個字

There is a page missing.缺少一頁。

2 would rather

3 after all in all above all at all

above all； after all； at all

above all意爲“尤其是”、“首先”、“最重要的是”，常位於句首或句中，作插入語，起強調作用。如： But above all tell me quickly what I have to do．可首先快些告訴我該做什麼。

A clock must above all keeps good time．時鐘最重要的是必須走得準。

after all意爲“畢竟”、“終究”、“終歸”、“到底”，在句中位置較靈活。可位於句首、句中或句末。如： After all，your birthday is only two weeks away．畢竟，兩週後就是你的生日。

He is，after all，a small child．他畢竟還是個小孩子。

He failed after all．他終於失敗了。

at all用於否定句時，意爲“絲毫；根本”，用於疑問句時意爲“究竟；到底”，用於條件句時，常譯爲“當真；實在”。用於肯定句中，表示說話人的某種情緒或情感（如懷疑或驚奇等），意爲“竟然”等。如：

He doesn’t like you at all．他根本不喜歡你。

Are you going to do it at all？你究竟做不做這件事？

If you do it at all，do it well．若你真要做這件事，就得做好。

I was surprised at his coming at all．他竟然來了，我很驚訝。

4 matter n.

事件, 問題, 物質, 內容, 實質, 原因, (印刷或書寫的)檔案, (文章或講話等的)素材

vi. 有關係, 要緊

It doesn't matter if you are late.你如果遲到也沒關係。

What does it matter ?那有什麼關係?

It does not matter (if ...)(即使...也)不要緊

It doesn't matter about the price; buy it, whatever it costs.

價錢沒什麼關係; 不論多少錢都買。

常用短語：as a matter of fact實際上, 不瞞你說, 確實, 事實是

it is no matter that ...是無關緊要的

no matter不要緊, 沒關係

the matter有問題, 有毛病

what matter if即使...又何妨

5 spendcosttake 表“花費”的辨析

6 on one’s /the way to (doing) sth. 正在做某事的過程中

表示時間”臨近”的短語: be approaching；be coming；be on the way

be around the corner；be at hand

by the way 順便問一下 in the way 防礙，擋道 under way在進行中, 發生; 在航行中

in this/that way以這/那種方式 in many ways在許多方面

by way of途經by way of London途經倫敦 out of the way反常的；異常的

all the way一路上, 沿路從遠處, 特地；自始至終

feel one's way謹慎小心地進行 fight one's way奮鬥前進, 開啟一條道路

force one's way擠(出去), 衝(出去) give way (to)讓步; 退讓；讓位於

make one's (own) way前進, 繁榮, 興隆; 發跡, 飛黃騰達

in a way有幾分, 稍微; 在某一方面; 在某種意義上; 在某種程度上

in any way無論如何, 在任何情況下 in no way決不, 無論如何不

7 cost 1) n. 成本，費用

reduce the production cost降低生產成本

the cost of living生活費用

2) n. 代價

at all costs任何代價

at the cost of…不惜以…爲代價

3) vt. 使失去(生命,健康等)

His carelessness cost him his life

costly : adj. expensive: 昂貴的

8 for this once (=for once, just for once)就這一次; 破例一回

once again再一次 once and again一再, 再三

once in a while有時, 間或, 偶而

9 call on號召；呼籲；邀請；拜訪；請求I'll call on him tomorrow.明天我去拜訪他。

call for需要；要求；值得：取; 接;

My chauffeur will call for you at seven.我的汽車司機七點鐘會到你那兒去取

The occasion calls for a cool head.這種場合需要冷靜的頭腦。

call off取消

The meeting has been called off.會議取消了。

call up召集；動員；使人想起 (= call upon)傳人到法庭; 應徵入伍; 打電話;

call in 回收使退出流通：邀請

calling in silver dollars.回收銀幣 call in a specialist.邀請一個專家

call out召喚：大聲喊叫; 召集; 命令(工人)罷工;

call out the guard.將衛兵集合起來

call by[口]順便到...去一下; 順路訪問

call over點名

10 pay off還清；償清；結清工資解僱（某人）；成功

Our plan certainly paid off; it was a great idea.

"我們的計劃當然成功了,那是個很好的主意。"

pay back報復 (= pay off, pay out, serve out)

I'll certainly pay you back for what you did to me!

"你那樣對待我,我一定要回敬你的!"

償還；償付

How can I pay you back for all your kindness?你的這番好意我該怎麼報答呢?

11 attend vi., vt.注意；留意出席；到場

attend school上學

attend a lecture聽講課

attend church去教堂

attend (at) a wedding出席婚禮

attend on護理, 侍候, 陪伴, 伴隨

attend to傾聽, 注意, 留心；關心, 照顧, 護理; 辦理