好文章,壞文章-good writing, bad writing ?
Despite the modern desire to be easy and casual, americans from time to time give thought to the language they use, to grammar, vocabulary,and official languages. and, as on other issues, they divide into two parties. the larger, which includes everybody from the plain people to the professional writer, takes for granted that there is a right way to use words and construct sentences and many wrong ways. the right way is believed to be clearer,simpler, more logical, and hence more likely to prevent error and confusion. good writing is easier to read; it offers a pleasant combination of sound and sense.
Against this majority view is the doctrine of an opposing minority, who make up for their small number by their great learning and their place of authority in the school system and the world of scholarship. they are the professional linguists,who deny that there is such a thing as correctness. the language, they say, is what anybody and everybody e there must be no interference with what they regard as a product of nature. they denounce all attempts at guiding choice.
Within the profession of linguists there are, of course,fighting factions, but, on this conception of language as a natural growth with which it is criminal to interfere, they are at one. in their arguments one finds appeals to feelings of social equality (all words and forms are equally good) and individual freedom. these beliefs further suggest that the desire for correctness, the very idea of better or worse in speech, is what is left over from noble and times. to the linguists, change is the only rule to be obeyed. they consider it to be equal with life and accuse their critics of being clock-reverses, enemies of freedom, menaces to"life".
儘管現代社會要求簡單、隨意,美國人卻時不時地對他們用的語言、語法、詞彙和官方語言表示關注。而且,像在其他問題上一樣,他們·分爲兩派。多數派,包括從一般百姓到專業作家的所有人,都理所當然地認爲有一種正確的遣詞造句的方式,也存在很多錯誤的方式。人們相信正確的方式是使文章比較清楚、簡單、更有邏輯性,進而更有可能避免錯誤和含混不清。好文章容易讀;它爲讀者提供了聲音和意義的美妙結合。
與這種佔大多數的觀點相對的是持反對意見的少數派的主張,他們淵博的學識以及在教育界和學術界的權威地位彌補了人數少的劣勢。他們是專業的語言學家,他們否認有正確的寫作方式這回事。他們說任何人或者說每個人說的`都是語言,所以我們不應該人爲地修改他們認爲是自然的產物。他們痛斥所有試圖選擇正確寫作指導的做法。
在語言學家內部當然也有相互鬥爭的派別,但是在“語言是自然發展的,干涉即是犯罪”這一點上,他們的觀點是一致的。在他們的論點中,人們可以發現社會公平(所有詞語和形式都是一樣的好)和個人自由的感情趨向。這些主張還進一步暗示:尋求正確語言表達的願望,即話語有好壞之分這個觀念本身是從有貴族貧民之分的那個時代遺留下來的,對語言學家來說,變化是惟一應該遵循的規則。他們把它看成和生命同等重要,並且譴責那些批評他們的人爲想要“反轉時鐘”的人,是自由的敵人,是對“生活”的威脅。
-
實用的friend英語作文7篇
在我們平凡的日常裏,大家都不可避免地要接觸到作文吧,寫作文可以鍛鍊我們的獨處習慣,讓自己的心靜下來,思考自己未來的方向。你知道作文怎樣才能寫的好嗎?下面是小編爲大家整理的friend英語作文7篇,供大家參考借鑑,希望可以幫助到有需要的朋友。friend英語作文篇1我交...
-
【熱門】學好英語作文四篇
在學習、工作乃至生活中,大家都不可避免地會接觸到作文吧,作文可分爲小學作文、中學作文、大學作文(論文)。一篇什麼樣的作文才能稱之爲優秀作文呢?以下是小編爲大家收集的學好英語作文4篇,歡迎大家借鑑與參考,希望對大家有所幫助。學好英語作文篇1HowtoLearnEnglishW...
-
【精品】愛好英語作文3篇
在學習、工作乃至生活中,大家都不可避免地會接觸到作文吧,藉助作文人們可以反映客觀事物、表達思想感情、傳遞知識資訊。還是對作文一籌莫展嗎?以下是小編收集整理的愛好英語作文3篇,歡迎閱讀與收藏。愛好英語作文篇1Everyonehastheirownhabit.Ihavesomelivinghabi...
-
【推薦】春節英語作文300字7篇
在我們平凡的日常裏,大家總免不了要接觸或使用作文吧,作文可分爲小學作文、中學作文、大學作文(論文)。你所見過的作文是什麼樣的呢?以下是小編爲大家收集的春節英語作文300字7篇,歡迎大家分享。春節英語作文300字篇1ChineseNewYearisthelongestandmostimportantcele...
相關文章
- 英文寫作比賽 English writing competition
- Module 2 Writing說課稿範文
- English writing textbook精彩美文
- Packaging Designer Resume Writing
- 毛筆書法 The writing brush calligraphy
- Design and production of print ads Resume Writing
- Furniture Design Resume Writing
- Writing About Personal Traits的評課稿
- 《Writing the Address》優秀教案
- Poems Poetry writing說課稿